Addiction and the cerebellum with a focus on actions of opioid receptors. (December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ranjbar, Hoda; Soti, Monavareh; Banazadeh, Mohammad; Saleki, Kiarash; Kohlmeier, Kristi A.; Shabani, Mohammad
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. Volume 131(2021)
• Page Start: 229
• Page End: 247
• Publication Date: 2021-12
• Subjects: BOLD blood oxygenation level dependent -- DTI diffusion tensor imaging -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- fMRI functional magnetic resonance imaging -- MMT methadone maintenance treatment -- NOP nociceptin opioid peptide receptor -- PET positron emission tomography -- rCBF regional cerebellar blood flow -- RT-PCR reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction -- VND non-displaceable distribution volume -- VT distribution volume; Cerebellum -- Opioid receptor -- Addiction -- Endogenous opioid -- Perineural nets -- Learning; Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; Human behavior -- Periodicals; Animal behavior -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Behavior -- Periodicals; Ethology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Psychophysiologie -- Périodiques; Comportement humain -- Périodiques; Animaux -- Mœurs et comportement -- Périodiques; Neurologie -- Périodiques; Animal behavior; Human behavior; Neurology; Psychophysiology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 573.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.021
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0149-7634

Abstract

Highlights: Neuropathophysiology of addiction in cerebellum is still enigmatic. The role the cerebellum plays in processes of addiction is likely complex. Neuroimaging findings shed light on cerebellum in pathophysiology of addiction. The presence of perineural nets in the cerebellum can contribute to addiction. Presence of opioid receptors suggesting a significant role for cerebellum in addiction. Abstract: Increasing evidence suggests that the cerebellum could play a role in the higher cognitive processes involved in addiction as the cerebellum contains anatomical and functional pathways to circuitry controlling motivation and saliency. In addition, the cerebellum exhibits a widespread presence of receptors, including opioid receptors which are known to play a prominent role in synaptic and circuit mechanisms of plasticity associated with drug use and development of addiction to opioids and other drugs of abuse. Further, the presence of perineural nets (PNNs) in the cerebellum which contain proteins known to alter synaptic plasticity could contribute to addiction. The role the cerebellum plays in processes of addiction is likely complex, and could depend on the particular drug of abuse, the pattern of use, and the stage of the user within the addiction cycle. In this review, we discuss functional and structural modifications shown to be produced in the cerebellum by opioids that exhibit dependency-inducing properties which provide support for the conclusion that the cerebellum plays a role in addiction.