Nucleic acid-based artificial nanocarriers for gene therapy. Issue 2 (16th December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhu, Longyi; Luo, Jun; Ren, Kewei
• Is Part Of: Journal of materials chemistry. Volume 11:Issue 2(2022)
• Page Start: 261
• Page End: 279
• Publication Date: 2022-12-16
• Subjects: Materials -- Periodicals; Chemistry, Analytic -- Periodicals; Biomedical materials -- Research -- Periodicals; 543.0284
• DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01179d
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2050-750X

Abstract

Abstract : Nucleic acid-based nanostructures have been applied as the artificial carriers for the delivery of siRNA and antisense oligonucleotides and efficient gene therapy. Abstract : Nucleic acid nanotechnology is a powerful tool in the fields of biosensing and nanomedicine owing to their high editability and easy synthesis and modification. Artificial nucleic acid nanostructures have become an emerging research hotspot as gene carriers with low cytotoxicity and immunogenicity for therapeutic approaches. In this review, recent progress in the design and functional mechanisms of nucleic acid-based artificial nano-vectors especially for exogenous siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide delivery is summarized. Different types of DNA nanocarriers, including DNA junctions, tetrahedrons, origami, hydrogels and scaffolds, are introduced. The enhanced targeting strategies to improve the delivery efficacy are demonstrated. Furthermore, RNA based gene nanocarrier systems by self-assembly of short strands, rolling circle transcription, chemical crosslinking and using RNA motifs and DNA–RNA hybrids are demonstrated. Finally, the outlook and potential challenges are highlighted. The nucleic acid-based artificial nanocarriers offer a promising and precise tool for gene delivery and therapy.