Toxicity and detoxification of monocrotophos from ecosystem using different approaches: A review. (July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Singh, Simranjeet; Kumar, Vijay; Kanwar, Ramesh; Wani, Abdul Basit; Gill, Jatinder Pal Kaur; Garg, Vinod Kumar; Singh, Joginder; Ramamurthy, Praveen C.
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 275(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-07
• Subjects: Monocrotophos -- Persistence -- Half-life -- Photocatalytic -- N-Methylacetoacetamide -- Microbes -- Biodegradation; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130051
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: Monocrotophos (MCP) is an organophosphate insecticide with broad application in agricultural crops like rice, maize, sugarcane, cotton, soybeans, groundnut and vegetables. MCP solubilize in water readily and thus reduced sorption occurs in soil. This leads to MCP leaching into the groundwater and pose a significant threat of contamination. The MCP's half-life depends on the temperature and pH value and estimated as 17–96 d. But the half-life of technical grade MCP can exceed up to 2500 days if properly stored at 38 °C in a glass or polyethylene container in a stable condition. It causes abnormality, ranging from mild to severe confusion, agitation, hypersalivation, convulsion, pulmonary failure, senescence in mammals and insects. MCP affects humans by inhibiting the activity of the acetylcholine esterase enzyme. MCP is accountable for the catalytic degradation of acetylcholine and affects the neurotransmission between neurons. This review discusses MCP's various aspects and fate on aquatic and terrestrial life forms, quantification methods for monitoring, various degradation processes, and their mechanisms. Different case studies related to its impact on the human population in different parts of the world have been discussed. Efforts have also been made to summarize and present different microbial population's role in its degradation and mineralization. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Monocrotophos has potential detrimental effects on aquatic and environmental health. Quantified case studies of monocrotophos toxicity across the world has been explored. Techniques and methods for environmental monitoring of monocrotophos are discussed. Insights into research for monocrotophos detoxification by different technologies are discussed.