Completing the Picture—Capturing the Resistome in Antibiotic Clinical Trials. (23rd December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Stewart, Adam G; Satlin, Michael J; Schlebusch, Sanmarié; Isler, Burcu; Forde, Brian M; Paterson, David L; Harris, Patrick N A
• Is Part Of: Clinical infectious diseases. Volume 72:Number 12(2021)
• Page Start: e1122
• Page End: e1129
• Publication Date: 2020-12-23
• Subjects: microbiome -- antibiotic resistance -- clinical trials; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; 616.905
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1877
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-4838

Abstract

Abstract: Despite the accepted dogma that antibiotic use is the largest contributor to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and human microbiome disruption, our knowledge of specific antibiotic-microbiome effects remains basic. Detection of associations between new or old antimicrobials and specific AMR burden is patchy and heterogeneous. Various microbiome analysis tools are available to determine antibiotic effects on microbial communities in vivo. Microbiome analysis of treatment groups in antibiotic clinical trials, powered to measure clinically meaningful endpoints would greatly assist the antibiotic development pipeline and clinician antibiotic decision making. Abstract : Advances in human microbiome analysis give us the ability to detect dynamic changes in microbial composition and presence of antimicrobial resistance genes. Identification of clinically significant microbiome changes in response to antibiotic exposure is an important endpoint to consider in clinical trials.