Serological Evaluation of Onchocerciasis and Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination in the Bakoye and Falémé Foci, Mali. (24th March 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dolo, Housseini; Coulibaly, Yaya I; Sow, Moussa; Dembélé, Massitan; Doumbia, Salif S; Coulibaly, Siaka Y; Sangare, Moussa B; Dicko, Ilo; Diallo, Abdallah A; Soumaoro, Lamine; Coulibaly, Michel E; Diarra, Dansine; Colebunders, Robert; Nutman, Thomas B; Walker, Martin; Basáñez, Maria-Gloria
• Is Part Of: Clinical infectious diseases. Volume 72:Number 9(2021)
• Page Start: 1585
• Page End: 1593
• Publication Date: 2020-03-24
• Subjects: onchocerciasis -- lymphatic filariasis -- serological monitoring -- elimination -- Mali; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; 616.905
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa318
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-4838

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Ivermectin-based onchocerciasis elimination, reported in 2009–2012, for Bakoye and Falémé, Mali, supported policy-shifting from morbidity control to elimination of transmission (EOT). These foci are coendemic with lymphatic filariasis (LF). In 2007–2016 mass ivermectin plus albendazole administration was implemented. We report Ov16 (onchocerciasis) and Wb123 (LF) seroprevalence after 24–25 years of treatment to determine if onchocerciasis EOT and LF elimination as a public health problem (EPHP) have been achieved. Methods: The SD Bioline Onchocerciasis/LF Ig[immunoglobulin]G4 biplex rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was used in 2186 children aged 3–10 years in 13 villages (plus 2 hamlets) in Bakoye and in 2270 children in 15 villages (plus 1 hamlet) in Falémé. In Bakoye, all-age serosurveys were conducted in 3 historically hyperendemic villages (1867 individuals aged 3 -78 years). Results: In Bakoye, IgG4 seropositivity was 0.27% (95% confidence interval [CI] = .13%–.60%) for both Ov16 and Wb123 antigens. In Falémé, Ov16 and Wb123 seroprevalence was 0.04% (95% CI = .01%–.25%) and 0.09% (95% CI = .02%–.32%), respectively. Ov16-seropositive children were from historically meso/hyperendemic villages. Ov16 positivity was <2% in ≤14 year-olds, and 16% in ≥40 year-olds. Wb123 seropositivity was <2% in ≤39 year-olds, reaching 3% in ≥40 year-olds. Conclusions: Notwithstanding uncertainty in the biplex RDT sensitivity, Ov16 and Wb123 seroprevalence among children in Bakoye and Falémé is consistent with EOT (onchocerciasis) and EPHP (LF) since stopping treatment in 2016. The few Ov16-seropositive children should be skin-snip polymerase chain reaction tested and followed up. Abstract : Ov16–Wb123 (onchocerciasis– lymphatic filariasis [LF]) seroprevalence was measured in children aged ≤10 years to determine if onchocerciasis and elimination was achieved in 2 coendemic foci (Bakoye and Falémé) in Mali under long-term ivermectin treatment, which stopped in 2016. These goals seem to have been achieved.