Ocular Surface in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Evaluation of Clinical Parameters and Impression Cytology. Issue 1 (21st January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gunes, Irem; Oltulu, Refik; Oltulu, Pembe; Turk, Nazlı; Yosunkaya, Sebnem
• Is Part Of: Eye & contact lens. Volume 49:Issue 1(2023)
• Page Start: 14
• Page End: 18
• Publication Date: 2023-01-21
• Subjects: Dry eye disease -- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome -- Tear break-up time -- Schirmer I test -- Conjunctival impression cytology; Contact lenses -- Periodicals; Intraocular lenses -- Periodicals; Orthokeratology -- Periodicals; Anterior segment (Eye) -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 617.7523
• DOI: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000945
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1542-2321

Abstract

Abstract : Purpose: To evaluate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on the ocular surface and conjunctival cytology and the relationship between the findings and disease severity. Methods: One hundred six eyes of 106 patients (77 patients with OSAS and 29 control subjects) were included in the study. Twenty-three patients with an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) of 5 to 15 were classified as mild OSAS (group 1), 27 patients with an AHI of 15 to 30 were classified as moderate OSAS (group 2), and 27 patients with an AHI≥30 were classified as severe OSAS (group 3). The following tests were used to evaluate the ocular surface: tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer I test, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and conjunctival impression cytology (CIC). The results obtained from the tests were analyzed and compared between the groups. Results: The mean value of the Schirmer I test was 15.03±10.16 (1–35) mm in the control group, whereas it was found as 13.39±8.80 (3–35) mm, 9.85±7.81 (1–30) mm, and 9.41±7.53 (2–35) mm in the mild, moderate, and severe OSAS groups, respectively, and the difference between the groups was significant ( P =0.002). Although the mean TBUT score was 9.83±5.03 (3–23) seconds in the control group, it was 11.04±6.22 (3–20), 6.26±3.48 (1–16), and 5.44±3.09 (1–10) in the mild, moderate, and severe OSAS groups, respectively, and the difference between the groups was significant ( P <0.001). Although the mean OSDI score was 12.76±14.84 (range, 0–41.65) in the control group, it was 11.52±12.95 (range, 0–44.40), 25.06±19.45 (range, 0–75), and 20.31±19.87 (range, 0–77.70) in the mild, moderate, and severe OSAS groups, respectively, and the difference between the groups was significant ( P =0.015). Although the mean CIC stage was 0.47±0.60 (0–2) in the control group, it was 0.89±0.74 (0–2), 1.52±0.75 (0–3), and 1.83±0.69 (1–3) in the mild, moderate, and severe OSAS groups, respectively, and the difference between groups was significant ( P <0.001). Conclusion: In addition to decreased tear production and TBUT, cytological changes including squamous metaplasia were detected between patients with OSAS and the control group.