What tests should be used to assess functional performance in youth and young adults following anterior cruciate ligament or meniscal injury? A systematic review of measurement properties for the OPTIKNEE consensus. Issue 24 (13th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Berg, Bjørnar; Urhausen, Anouk P; Øiestad, Britt Elin; Whittaker, Jackie L; Culvenor, Adam G; Roos, Ewa M; Crossley, Kay M; Juhl, Carsten B; Risberg, May Arna
• Is Part Of: British journal of sports medicine. Volume 56:Issue 24(2022)
• Page Start: 1454
• Page End: 1464
• Publication Date: 2022-06-13
• Subjects: knee -- anterior cruciate ligament; Sports medicine -- Periodicals; 617.1027
• DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105510
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-3674

Abstract

Abstract : Objectives: To critically appraise and summarise measurement properties of functional performance tests in individuals following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or meniscal injury. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: Systematic searches were performed in Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO) and SPORTSDiscus (EBSCO) on 7 July 2021. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Studies evaluating at least one measurement property of a functional performance test including individuals following an ACL tear or meniscal injury with a mean injury age of ≤30 years. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments Risk of Bias checklist was used to assess methodological quality. A modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation assessed evidence quality. Results: Thirty studies evaluating 26 functional performance tests following ACL injury were included. No studies were found in individuals with an isolated meniscal injury. Included studies evaluated reliability (n=5), measurement error (n=3), construct validity (n=26), structural validity (n=1) and responsiveness (n=1). The Single Leg Hop and Crossover Hop tests showed sufficient intrarater reliability (high and moderate quality evidence, respectively), construct validity (low-quality and moderate-quality evidence, respectively) and responsiveness (low-quality evidence). Conclusion: Frequently used functional performance tests for individuals with ACL or meniscal injury lack evidence supporting their measurement properties. The Single Leg Hop and Crossover Hop are currently the most promising tests following ACL injury. High-quality studies are required to facilitate stronger recommendations of performance-based outcomes following ACL or meniscal injury.