Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in childhood, FADS genotype and incident asthma. Issue 3 (2nd September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Talaei, Mohammad; Sdona, Emmanouela; Calder, Philip C.; Jones, Louise R.; Emmett, Pauline M.; Granell, Raquel; Bergström, Anna; Melén, Erik; Shaheen, Seif O.
• Is Part Of: European respiratory journal. Volume 58:Issue 3(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09-02
• Subjects: Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiration -- Periodicals; 616.2
• DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03633-2020
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0903-1936

Abstract

Longitudinal evidence on the relation between dietary intake of n -3 (ω-3) very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, i.e. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in mid-childhood and asthma risk is scarce. We aimed to investigate whether a higher intake of EPA and DHA from fish in childhood is associated with a lower risk of incident asthma. In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, dietary intakes of EPA and DHA from fish were estimated by food frequency questionnaire at 7 years of age. We used logistic regression, controlling for confounders, to analyse associations between intake of EPA and DHA (quartiles) and incidence of doctor-diagnosed asthma at age 11 or 14 years, and explored potential effect modification by a fatty acid desaturase ( FADS ) polymorphism (rs1535). Replication was sought in the Swedish BAMSE birth cohort. There was no evidence of association between intake of EPA plus DHA from fish and incident asthma overall (n=4543). However, when stratified by FADS genotype, the odds ratio comparing the top versus bottom quartile among the 2025 minor G allele carriers was 0.49 (95% CI 0.31–0.79; ptrend =0.006), but no inverse association was observed in the homozygous major A allele group (OR 1.43, 95% CI 0.83–2.46; ptrend =0.19) (pinteraction =0.006). This gene–nutrient interaction on incident asthma was replicated in BAMSE. In children with a common FADS variant, higher intake of EPA and DHA from fish in childhood was strongly associated with a lower risk of incident asthma up to mid-adolescence. In children with a common fatty acid desaturase ( FADS ) variant, higher intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish in mid-childhood was strongly associated with a lower risk of incident asthma up to mid-adolescence https://bit.ly/2M4VxO6