Reversible fluorescence and Förster resonance energy transfer switching behaviours of bistable photo-switchable [c2] daisy chain rotaxanes and photo-patterning applications. Issue 48 (30th November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nhien, Pham Quoc; Tien, Jia-Huei; Cuc, Tu Thi Kim; Khang, Trang Manh; Trung, Nguyen Thanh; Wu, Chia-Hua; Thi Buu Hue, Bui; Wu, Judy I.; Lin, Hong-Cheu
• Is Part Of: Journal of materials chemistry. Volume 10:Issue 48(2022)
• Page Start: 18241
• Page End: 18257
• Publication Date: 2022-11-30
• Subjects: Materials -- Periodicals; Chemistry, Analytic -- Periodicals; Optical materials -- Research -- Periodicals; Electronics -- Materials -- Research -- Periodicals; 543.0284
• DOI: 10.1039/d2tc03814e
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2050-7526

Abstract

Abstract : Reversible FRET ON-OFF switching and fluorescence photo-patterning applications of acid-base controlled extended and contracted [ c 2] daisy chain rotaxanes containing photochromic spiropyran and triphenylamine-chalcone chromophores were investigated. Abstract : A series of bistable photo-switchable [ c 2] daisy chain rotaxanes containing photochromic spiropyran (SP) and triphenylamine-chalcone (TPA-C) chromophores were synthesized via a self-sorting strategy and click reactions, which could be controlled by acid–base shuttling processes to achieve the extended and contracted forms of [ c 2]-SP-Ext and [ c 2]-SP-Con, respectively. The molecular structures of these analogues were characterized and confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS). Both [ c 2] daisy chain rotaxanes ([ c 2]-SP-Ext and [ c 2]-SP-Con ) and on-interlocked analogue (Cy-SP ) could undergo reversible photo-isomerization to form the corresponding [ c 2]-MC-Ext, [ c 2]-MC-Con and Cy-MC upon UV/Vis exposure and their aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties were examined in semi-aqueous solutions (>60% H2 O). Besides, these [ c 2] daisy c hain and non-interlocked analogues consisting of yellow emissive TPA-C donors and orange-red emissive merocyanine (MC) acceptors induced interesting ratiometric photoluminescence (PL) and reversible Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) characteristics upon UV/Vis irradiation, which were investigated by PL measurements and further confirmed by theoretical studies. Accordingly, [ c 2] daisy c hain rotaxanes ([ c 2]-MC-Con and [ c 2]-MC-Ext ) exhibited better energy transfer processes than those of the non-interlocked analogue (Cy-MC ) with respective FRET efficiencies of 78.2, 73.1 and 63.9%. Various responsive effects of external stimuli on the FRET-ON/OFF behaviours for [ c 2] daisy chain and non-interlocked analogues, including water fractions, UV/Vis exposures, temperature controls and acid/base treatments were studied in this report. Furthermore, the interesting reversible FRET ON-OFF switching behavior and fluorescence photo-patterning applications of photo-switchable [ c 2]-SP-Ext -based coated papers under different environmental conditions were also explored and demonstrated.