Specificity of Stenurus (Metastrongyloidea: Pseudaliidae) infections in odontocetes stranded along the north-west Spanish coast. (December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Saldaña, A.; López, C.M.; López, A.; Covelo, P.; Remesar, S.; Martínez-Calabuig, N.; García-Dios, D.; Díaz, P.; Morrondo, P.; Díez-Baños, P.; Panadero, R.
• Is Part Of: International journal for parasitology. Volume 19(2022)
• Page Start: 148
• Page End: 154
• Publication Date: 2022-12
• Subjects: Cetacean -- Odontocetes -- Parasites -- Stenurus -- Strandings -- Galician coast; Parasites -- Periodicals; Parasitology -- Periodicals; Animals -- Periodicals; Wildlife diseases -- Periodicals; Parasites -- Periodicals; Animals, Wild -- Periodicals; Animals; Parasites; Parasitology; Wildlife diseases; Periodicals; 591.7857
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.09.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-2244

Abstract

Abstract: Parasites extracted from the lungs and the pterygoid sinus complex of 6 species of odontocetes stranded along the north-west Spanish coast (Northeast Atlantic) between 2009 and 2019 were morphologically identified. The samples belonged to 14 specimens, including 3 harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena, 6 short-finned pilot whales, Globicephala macrorhynchus, 1 long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas, 1 Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus, 1 striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba and 2 bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus . All animals (14/14) were infected by nematodes of the genus Stenurus spp.; moreover, two of them presented a mixed lung nematode infection by Stenurus spp. and Halocercus spp., and another two a mixed infection by Stenurus spp. and the trematode Nasitrema spp. in the pterygoid sinuses. The morphological characterization of the Stenurus specimens revealed the existence of three different species: Stenurus minor, present in the pterygoid sinuses of harbour porpoises with a mean intensity of 43.0 ± 9.0; Stenurus globicephalae, in the pterygoid sinuses of pilot whales and the Risso's dolphin (370.3 ± 579.4); and Stenurus ovatus infecting bottlenose and striped dolphins' lungs (47.7 ± 76.5). This is the first citation of S. minor and S. ovatus in odontoceti from the Galician coast. Nematodes of the genus Stenurus are frequent in odontocetes stranded along the north-west Spanish coast. A clear host-parasite association was observed between S. minor and the Phocoenidae family, between S. globicephalae and the subfamily Globicephalinae and between S. ovatus and subfamily Delphininae. Different trophic position and niche segregation may lead to different patterns of specificity. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Stenurus is the most prevalent lungworm in odontoceti. First description of S. minor and S. ovatus in Galician waters. Short-finned whales are the most intensely infected odontocetes. Stenurus infection is favored by the greater length of the host. Stenurus spp show a clear pattern of specificity with their hosts.