Productive uses of electricity at the energy-health nexus: Financial, technical and social insights from a containerized power system in Rwanda. (2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Miles, Samuel B.; Kersey, Jessica; Cecchini, Emiliano; Kammen, Daniel M.
• Is Part Of: Development engineering. Volume 7(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022
• Subjects: Productive uses of electricity -- Community electrification -- Case study -- Remote monitoring -- Energy-health nexus -- Cost estimation -- Sustainable development; Technical assistance -- Periodicals; Economic development -- Periodicals; Engineering -- Social aspects -- Periodicals; 338.9105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.deveng.2022.100101
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-7285

Abstract

Abstract: We present a case study of successful uptake of a productive use of electricity (PUE) co-located at an off-grid clinic powered by OffGridBox in Rwanda. We develop a techno-economic analysis of the standardized, modular, and redeployable power supply technology, characterizing cost components, revenue considerations, and key challenges. We present a technical characterization of system utilization based on remote monitoring of electricity consumption, power reliability, and power quality at a PUE intervention site, estimating system reliability at 81% over the study period. Lastly, we characterize socio-economic costs and benefits from the productive user's perspective drawing on mixed-method interviews. We find that relatively low amounts of electricity consumption (10–30 kWh per month) command a high revealed willingness to pay (∼$3 per kWh) for the solar-powered displacement of diesel-based welding, significantly improving the unit economics of the deployed system. This analysis and data provides a resource model for the standardization of mini-grid hardware, performance and cost frameworks, and metrics to assess off-grid, under-grid and ultimately grid interactive distributed generation systems. These models are urgently needed to meet the UN Sustainable Development Goal SDG 7 commitment to achieve universal energy access by 2030. Highlights: Techno-financial characterization of OffGridBox, a clean water and power technology for infrastructure service delivery. Case study of an income-generating welding use case co-located at an off-grid powered clinic in northeast Rwanda. A Box can power both basic health clinic needs and a welder, improving supplier unit economics and the welder's profits. A novel remote monitoring methodology is demonstrated to enable scalable monitoring of AC-power system performance.