Positive regulation of osteogenesis on titanium surface by modification of nanosized Ca2+-exchanged EMT zeolites. (December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chi, Minghan; Li, Na; Sharma, Neha; Li, Wen; Chen, Cong; Dong, Biao; Cheng, Liang; Wang, Lin; Thieringer, Florian M.
• Is Part Of: Materials today communications. Volume 33(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-12
• Subjects: Surface modification -- Calcium -- EMT zeolite -- Ion exchange -- Osteoblast -- Osteogenesis; Materials science -- Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.104874
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-4928

Abstract

Abstract: Cell–titanium interactions are of great importance for the clinical success of dental implants, while traditional titanium surfaces are affected by inertness and have poor osteogenicity. In this study, for the purpose of enhanced osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, titanium (Ti) substrates modified with calcium ion-exchanged nanosized EMT zeolites (Ca 2+ -EMT) were developed and the effect on cell viability, proliferation, osteo-differentiation, and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells was systematically and quantitatively examined. For this purpose, firstly, we synthesized and characterized the nanosized EMT zeolites fabricated using a Na2 O-Al2 O3 -SiO2 -H2 O precursor system without the organic template. Then calcium ion was exchanged at different levels within nanosized EMT zeolites (Ca 2+ -EMT) and spin-coated onto the Ti surfaces (EMT@Ti, EMT-3@Ti, EMT-6@Ti, EMT-12@Ti, and EMT-18@Ti). Comprehensive characterization was conducted to study the physicochemical properties of as-synthesized specimens. To determine the osteogenic effects of Ti substrates functionalized with Ca 2+ -EMT, we investigated the biological behavior of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on Ca 2+ -EMT surfaces in vitro with pure Ti and EMT@Ti serving as negative control and experimental control groups, respectively. The results showed that the Ca 2+ was successfully encapsulated in the sodalite cage of the EMT zeolite, while the overall microstructure was not compromised. Enhanced hydrophilicity and roughness were achieved by spin-coating the Ca 2+ -EMT to the surface of Ti specimens. In vitro biological experiments suggested that all Ca 2+ -EMT coated samples possess favorable osteogenicity, as evidenced by the in vitro osteogenic-related biological cell performance. Notably, a dose-dependent manner was detected, where the EMT-12@Ti group exhibited the greatest bone regenerative potential. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of promoting osteoblast differentiation by Ca 2+ regulation were discussed in depth. Graphical Abstract: ga1