Biomarkers in Takayasu arteritis. (15th January 2023) - Wen, Dan
Abstract: Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare large vasculitis with unknown etiology, which affects the aorta and its primary branches, as well as the pulmonary and coronary arteries. Cellular and humoral immunity, chronic inflammation, and genetic factors are involved into TA pathogenesis. Several biomarkers, such as MMPs, TIMPs, cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, autoantibodies, complements, PTX3, sRAGE, NT-proBNP, 8-isoPGF2α, NO2 −, acute-phase and immunology-related proteins, thrombogenicity markers, ghrelin leptin and adipokines, endothelial damage and repair factors, genetic markers etc., related to the pathogenesis could be observed in patients with TA. These biomarkers have revealed great values in early diagnosis, evaluating disease activity, guiding clinical treatment options, and thus demonstrated significant clinical application values in TA. The combination of biomarkers assay and imaging examination may detect TA more accurately. The aim of this review is to systemically observe the clinical significance of these biomarkers in TA. Highlights: Autoimmune, inflammation, and genetic factors are associated with TA pathogenesis. Biomarkers related to the pathogenesis could be observed in TA. There is a need for better biomarkers in TA, including diagnosis, assessment of current disease activity, and prognosis. Progress has been made in identifying TA biomarkers in early diagnosis, evaluating disease activity, guiding clinical treatment options, and thus demonstrated significant clinical application values of TA. Combination of biomarkers assay and imaging examination may detect TA more accurately.