Traffic-related air pollution and alveolar nitric oxide in southern California children. Issue 5 (21st January 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Eckel, Sandrah P.; Zhang, Zilu; Habre, Rima; Rappaport, Edward B.; Linn, William S.; Berhane, Kiros; Zhang, Yue; Bastain, Theresa M.; Gilliland, Frank D.
• Is Part Of: European respiratory journal. Volume 47:Issue 5(2016)
• Page Start: 1348
• Page End: 1356
• Publication Date: 2016-01-21
• Subjects: Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiration -- Periodicals; 616.2
• DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01176-2015
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0903-1936

Abstract

Mechanisms for the adverse respiratory effects of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) have yet to be established. We evaluated the acute effects of TRAP exposure on proximal and distal airway inflammation by relating indoor nitric oxide (NO), a marker of TRAP exposure in the indoor microenvironment, to airway and alveolar sources of exhaled nitric oxide ( F eNO ). F eNO was collected online at four flow rates in 1635 schoolchildren (aged 12–15 years) in southern California (USA) breathing NO-free air. Indoor NO was sampled hourly and linearly interpolated to the time of the F eNO test. Estimated parameters quantifying airway wall diffusivity ( D awNO ) and flux ( J′ awNO ) and alveolar concentration ( C ANO ) sources of F eNO were related to exposure using linear regression to adjust for potential confounders. We found that TRAP exposure indoors was associated with elevated alveolar NO. A 10 ppb higher indoor NO concentration at the time of the F eNO test was associated with 0.10 ppb higher average C ANO (95% CI 0.04–0.16) (equivalent to a 7.1% increase from the mean), 4.0% higher J′ awNO (95% CI −2.8–11.3) and 0.2% lower D awNO (95% CI −4.8–4.6). These findings are consistent with an airway response to TRAP exposure that was most marked in the distal airways. Indoor exposure to traffic-related air pollution is associated with distal airway inflammation in schoolchildren http://ow.ly/V98mT