P010 Evaluation of antifungal efficacy of two novel cyclic lipopeptides of the class Bacillomycin from Bacillus subtilis RLID 12.1 in a murine model of invasive candidiasis. (20th September 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kashyap, Nisha; Paul, Raees A.; Rudramurthy, Shivaprakash; Roy, Utpal; Kaur, Harsimran; Ghosh, Anup; Chakrabarti, Arunaloke
• Is Part Of: Medical mycology. Volume 60(2022)supplement 1
• Publication Date: 2022-09-20
• Subjects: Medical mycology -- Periodicals; Veterinary mycology -- Periodicals; Mycology -- Periodicals; Mycoses -- Periodicals; Pathogenic fungi -- Periodicals; 616.969005
• DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myac072.P010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1369-3786

Abstract

Abstract: Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM: Objective: To evaluate the in vivo efficacy of HPLC–purified antifungal lipopeptides (AF4 and AF5) in a murine model of disseminated candidiasis. Methods: C. albicans AMR16294 isolate was used for all the in vivo experiments. A total of 6-week-old pathogen-free, female BALB/c mice, weighing 20-25 g were used for all animal experiments. For Kaplan-Mier analysis, mice were rendered neutropenic by a loading dose of 200 mg/kg cyclophosphamide three days prior (D-3) to infection and 150 mg/kg (D + 1) maintenance dose on day 1 post-infection (D + 1). A total of 60 mice were randomized into 8 different groups with 5 or 6 animals in each group. Animals were infected with 100 μ L of ∼ 1 × 10⁵ blastospores (corresponding to LD90) via the lateral tail vein. AF4 and AF5 were formulated in sterile PBS and administered intraperitoneally at doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg body weight and compared with a clinically-relevant human equivalent dose of caspofungin. AF4, AF5, caspofungin, or vehicle were administered at 1 h and 24 h post-infection. The survival of the mice was monitored for 14 days post-infection. For organ fungal-burden assessment, mice from each group were euthanized by CO2 inhalation, and the organs were aseptically removed, homogenized, and cultured on SDA. Results: Both the doses of AF4 significantly reduced the mortality of mice compared to vehicle-treated mice. The survival over 2 weeks in 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and caspofungin arms were similar and no death was reported in the three groups ( P <.01). In contrast, the mortality in-vehicle- administered group was 80% with a median survival of 8 days. A similar survival benefit was observed in AF5-treated mice. While the median survival in the vehicle-treated arm was 5 days, the 2-week survival in 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg arms was 80%-100%, comparable to that in the caspofungin arm ( P <.01) (Fig. 1). The median CFU/g kidney tissue in 5 mg/kg arm of AF4 was 1.3 × 10⁴ equivalent to a 4-log reduction compared to the vehicle arm (3.8 × 10⁸ CFU/g kidney, P <.0001). The in vivo efficacy was higher at a higher dose with the kidney homogenates of 10 mg/kg arm yielding sterile cultures comparable to that of CAS arm (Fig. 2). Similar organ fungal-burden reduction was noted in heart and splenic tissues with a median cfu/g tissue of 1.3 × 10⁴ in 10 mg/kg, while CAS arms yielded sterile cultures. In AF5 treated groups, the median cfu/g kidney tissue in 5 mg/kg arm was 1.3 × 10⁴, however, the heart and splenic tissue homogenates yielded less fungal burden with median (q2) cfu/g as 0, while q3 of 6.7 × 10³and 1.3 × 10⁴, respectively (Fig. 2). Conclusion: Both the antifungal compounds demonstrated a remarkable in vivo efficacy against C. albicans with a significant improvement in survival and a reduction in the organ-fungal burden.