Outcomes of Reamed Intramedullary Nailing for Lower Extremity Diaphyseal Fractures in COVID-Positive Patients: A Multi-institutional Observational Study. Issue 12 (December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pectol, Richard W.; Kavolus, Matthew W.; Sneed, Chandler R.; Albano, Ashley Y.; Landy, David C.; Aneja, Arun
• Is Part Of: Journal of orthopaedic trauma. Volume 36:Issue 12(2022)
• Page Start: 628
• Page End: 633
• Publication Date: 2022-12
• Subjects: coronavirus, COVID-19, tibial shaft fracture, femoral shaft fracture, reaming, intramedullary nail, acute respiratory distress, pneumonia, thromboembolism, post-operative complications; Orthopedics -- Periodicals; Wounds and injuries -- Periodicals; Orthopedics -- Periodicals; Wounds and Injuries -- therapy -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 617.47044
• DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000002468
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0890-5339

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: To determine if reamed intramedullary nailing (IMN) of tibial and femoral shaft fractures exacerbated the hypercoagulable state of COVID infection, resulting in increased thromboembolic and pulmonary complications. Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Eleven Level I trauma centers. Patients: From January 1, 2020, to December 1, 2022, 163 patients with orthopaedic trauma and COVID positivity and 36 patients with tibial and femoral shaft fractures were included. Intervention: Reamed IMN. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence of postoperative thromboembolic and respiratory complications. Results: Thirty-six patients with a median age of 52 years (range, 18–92 years; interquartile range, 29–72 years) met criteria. There were 21 and 15 patients with femoral and tibial shaft fractures. There were 15 patients sustaining polytrauma; of which, 10 had a new injury severity score of >17. All patients underwent reamed IMN in a median of 1 day (range, 0–12 days; interquartile range = 1–2 days) after injury. Two patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and 3 pneumonia. No patients had pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, or died within 30 days. Conclusion: In this multi-institutional review of COVID-positive patients undergoing reamed IMN, there were no thromboembolic events. All patients developing pulmonary complications (ARDS or pneumonia) had baseline chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, were immune compromised, or sustained polytraumatic injuries with new injury severity score of >20. Given this, it seems reasonable to continue using reamed IMN for tibial and femoral shaft fractures after evaluation for COVID severity, comorbidities, and other injuries. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.