The Structural Approach to Shared Knowledge: An Application to Engineering Design Teams. (June 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Avnet, Mark S.; Weigel, Annalisa L.
• Is Part Of: Human factors. Volume 55:Number 3(2013)
• Page Start: 581
• Page End: 594
• Publication Date: 2013-06
• Subjects: shared mental model -- team cognition -- social network analysis -- space mission design; Human engineering -- Periodicals; 620.82
• DOI: 10.1177/0018720812462388
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0018-7208

Abstract

Objective: We propose a methodology for analyzing shared knowledge in engineering design teams. Background: Whereas prior work has focused on shared knowledge in small teams at a specific point in time, the model presented here is both scalable and dynamic. Method: By quantifying team members' common views of design drivers, we build a network of shared mental models to reveal the structure of shared knowledge at a snapshot in time. Based on a structural comparison of networks at different points in time, a metric of change in shared knowledge is computed. Results: Analysis of survey data from 12 conceptual space mission design sessions reveals a correlation between change in shared knowledge and each of several system attributes, including system development time, system mass, and technological maturity. Conclusion: From these results, we conclude that an early period of learning and consensus building could be beneficial to the design of engineered systems. Application: Although we do not examine team performance directly, we demonstrate that shared knowledge is related to the technical design and thus provide a foundation for improving design products by incorporating the knowledge and thoughts of the engineering design team into the process.