Activated carbon incorporation on forward osmosis membrane surface for enhanced performance. Issue 1 (17th August 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Activated carbon incorporation on forward osmosis membrane surface for enhanced performance. Issue 1 (17th August 2021)
- Main Title:
- Activated carbon incorporation on forward osmosis membrane surface for enhanced performance
- Authors:
- Lakra, Reshma
Balakrishnan, Malini
Basu, Subhankar - Abstract:
- Abstract: Cellulose triacetate (CTA) is the first-generation forward osmosis (FO) membrane used for desalination. There have been a few chemical modifications of the CTA membrane surface. This has improved membrane hydrophilicity, water flux, and salt rejection compared with unmodified CTA membranes. Chitosan-containing porous materials as composites have resulted in increased pore characteristics. It has motivated the modification of the surface of the commercial CTA forward osmosis (FO) membrane by surface coating with chitosan (CS)–powdered activated carbon (AC) mix. The membrane morphology was characterized by SEM, FTIR-ATR, contact angle measurement and AFM. Operational conditions for FO such as the orientation of the membrane active layer, feed and draw solution flow rates, and type and concentration of draw salt were optimized with the original CTA membrane. The modified membrane exhibited around a two-fold increase in the water flux and reduced reverse salt flux compared with the original CTA membrane. The improved water flux was attributed to the CS-AC coating enhancing water wettability of the membrane surface and the porous AC generating additional water flow channels. Overall, the water flux of the CTA-CS-AC membrane developed in this work was superior to that of CTA and cellulose acetate (CA) membranes reported in the literature. HIGHLIGHTS: Incorporation of porous materials on membrane surface. Enhanced water flux. High salt rejection. Better performance thanAbstract: Cellulose triacetate (CTA) is the first-generation forward osmosis (FO) membrane used for desalination. There have been a few chemical modifications of the CTA membrane surface. This has improved membrane hydrophilicity, water flux, and salt rejection compared with unmodified CTA membranes. Chitosan-containing porous materials as composites have resulted in increased pore characteristics. It has motivated the modification of the surface of the commercial CTA forward osmosis (FO) membrane by surface coating with chitosan (CS)–powdered activated carbon (AC) mix. The membrane morphology was characterized by SEM, FTIR-ATR, contact angle measurement and AFM. Operational conditions for FO such as the orientation of the membrane active layer, feed and draw solution flow rates, and type and concentration of draw salt were optimized with the original CTA membrane. The modified membrane exhibited around a two-fold increase in the water flux and reduced reverse salt flux compared with the original CTA membrane. The improved water flux was attributed to the CS-AC coating enhancing water wettability of the membrane surface and the porous AC generating additional water flow channels. Overall, the water flux of the CTA-CS-AC membrane developed in this work was superior to that of CTA and cellulose acetate (CA) membranes reported in the literature. HIGHLIGHTS: Incorporation of porous materials on membrane surface. Enhanced water flux. High salt rejection. Better performance than commercial and literature-reported membranes. Improved desalination process. Graphical Abstract … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Water Supply. Volume 22:Issue 1(2022)
- Journal:
- Water Supply
- Issue:
- Volume 22:Issue 1(2022)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 22, Issue 1 (2022)
- Year:
- 2022
- Volume:
- 22
- Issue:
- 1
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2022-0022-0001-0000
- Page Start:
- 409
- Page End:
- 423
- Publication Date:
- 2021-08-17
- Subjects:
- activated carbon-chitosan mix -- desalination -- forward osmosis -- hydrophilic -- surface modification
- DOI:
- 10.2166/ws.2021.260 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 1606-9749
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store
- Ingest File:
- 24554.xml