Developmental dysplasia of the hip: a systematic literature review of the genes related with its occurrence. Issue 10 (1st October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gkiatas, Ioannis; Boptsi, Anastasia; Tserga, Dimitra; Gelalis, Ioannis; Kosmas, Dimitrios; Pakos, Emilios
• Is Part Of: EFORT open reviews. Volume 4:Issue 10(2019)
• Page Start: 595
• Page End: 601
• Publication Date: 2019-10-01
• Subjects: developmental dysplasia of the hip -- genes -- congenital malformation; Orthopedics -- Periodicals; Musculoskeletal system -- Periodicals; Musculoskeletal system -- Wounds and injuries -- Periodicals; 616.7
• DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.190006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2058-5241

Abstract

Abstract : Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the most prevalent congenital malformations. It has a wide spectrum of anatomical abnormalities of the hip joint and is characterized by mild or incomplete formation of the acetabulum leading to laxity of the joint capsule, secondary deformity of the proximal femur and irreducible hip dislocation. It is the leading cause of early hip osteoarthritis in young individuals. Both genetic and environmental factors have been proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of DDH. A high prevalence is present in Asian, Caucasian, Mediterranean and American populations, with females being more frequently affected. We evaluated a variety of genetic studies indexed in the PubMed database. Several susceptive genes, including WISP3, PAPPA2, HOXB9, HOXD9, GDF5, TGF Beta 1, CX3CR1, UQCC, COL1A1, TbX4 and ASPN have been identified as being associated with the development of DDH. Moreover, genetic association has also been reported between hip dysplasia and other comorbidities. Even though genetic components are a crucial part in the aetiology of DDH, several DDH susceptibility genes need further investigation. The purpose of this review is to present current literature evidence regarding genes responsible for DDH development. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:595-601. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.190006