Congenital scoliosis: a narrative review and proposal of a treatment algorithm. Issue 5 (5th May 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sebaaly, Amer; Daher, Mohammad; Salameh, Bendy; Ghoul, Ali; George, Samuel; Roukoz, Sami
• Is Part Of: EFORT open reviews. Volume 7:Issue 5(2022)
• Page Start: 318
• Page End: 327
• Publication Date: 2022-05-05
• Subjects: scoliosis -- congenital -- treatment algorithm; Orthopedics -- Periodicals; Musculoskeletal system -- Periodicals; Musculoskeletal system -- Wounds and injuries -- Periodicals; 616.7
• DOI: 10.1530/EOR-21-0121
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2058-5241

Abstract

Abstract : Congenital scoliosis (CS) is a spinal deformity resulting from underlying spinal malformations with an incidence of 0.5–1/1000 births. CS makes up 10% of scoliotic deformities, of which 25% do not progress, 25% progress mildly and 50% need treatment depending on the age, curve characteristics and magnitude and type of anomaly. CS is associated with non-vertebral anomalies (genitourinary, musculoskeletal, cardiac, ribs anomalies, etc.) and intraspinal anomalies (syrinx and tethered cord). Imaging should include whole spine X-rays, CT scanner with reconstruction to better delineate the vertebral anomalies and MRI to visualize the neural elements. Treatment of CS in the majority of cases is non-surgical and relies on fusion techniques ( in situ fusion and hemiepiphysiodeis), resection techniques (hemiverterba resection), and growth-friendly techniques (distraction and instrumentation without fusion).