Spatial patterns of weed dispersal by wintering gulls within and beyond an agricultural landscape. (7th March 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Spatial patterns of weed dispersal by wintering gulls within and beyond an agricultural landscape. (7th March 2021)
- Main Title:
- Spatial patterns of weed dispersal by wintering gulls within and beyond an agricultural landscape
- Authors:
- Martín‐Vélez, Víctor
van Leeuwen, Casper H. A.
Sánchez, Marta I.
Hortas, Francisco
Shamoun‐Baranes, Judy
Thaxter, Chris B.
Lens, Luc
Camphuysen, Cornelis J.
Green, Andy J. - Editors:
- Buckley, Yvonne
- Abstract:
- Abstract: Non‐frugivorous waterbirds disperse a wide variety of plants by endozoochory, providing longer‐dispersal distances than other mechanisms. Many waterbirds visit both agricultural and natural landscapes during their daily movements, but potential bird‐mediated dispersal of weed plants within and from agricultural landscapes to other habitats is commonly overlooked. Gulls (Laridae) are expanding in numbers and increasingly exploiting anthropogenic habitats worldwide, with possible growing implications for the spread of weeds. Yet, to date, there are no studies on the spatial distribution of weed dispersal by waterbirds. We developed a plant dispersal model based on movements of 19 Larus fuscus using ricefields, via GPS telemetry. We combined daily movements with two curves estimating the retention times of plant seeds in their guts: (a) an experimental curve based on retention time in captivity for four weeds with dry fruits known to be dispersed by gulls: Juncus bufonius, Cyperus difformis, Polypogon monspeliensis and the alien Amaranthus retroflexus ; (b) a theoretical curve based on the interspecific scaling relationship between body mass and mean retention time. Median dispersal distances of weed plant seeds by gulls ranged between 690 and 940 m, but maximum distances exceeded 150 km. The theoretical retention time model showed higher median dispersal distances than the experimental retention time model. Spatial patterns of weed deposition were very similarAbstract: Non‐frugivorous waterbirds disperse a wide variety of plants by endozoochory, providing longer‐dispersal distances than other mechanisms. Many waterbirds visit both agricultural and natural landscapes during their daily movements, but potential bird‐mediated dispersal of weed plants within and from agricultural landscapes to other habitats is commonly overlooked. Gulls (Laridae) are expanding in numbers and increasingly exploiting anthropogenic habitats worldwide, with possible growing implications for the spread of weeds. Yet, to date, there are no studies on the spatial distribution of weed dispersal by waterbirds. We developed a plant dispersal model based on movements of 19 Larus fuscus using ricefields, via GPS telemetry. We combined daily movements with two curves estimating the retention times of plant seeds in their guts: (a) an experimental curve based on retention time in captivity for four weeds with dry fruits known to be dispersed by gulls: Juncus bufonius, Cyperus difformis, Polypogon monspeliensis and the alien Amaranthus retroflexus ; (b) a theoretical curve based on the interspecific scaling relationship between body mass and mean retention time. Median dispersal distances of weed plant seeds by gulls ranged between 690 and 940 m, but maximum distances exceeded 150 km. The theoretical retention time model showed higher median dispersal distances than the experimental retention time model. Spatial patterns of weed deposition were very similar between retention time methods, and most strongly depended on gull movements. Variation between individual gulls had little influence on seed shadows. About 92% of all seeds (>10, 000 intact seeds per day) were dispersed within the ricefield area of 370 km 2 . The remaining 8% of seeds were deposited beyond ricefields into other habitats, 42% of which reached moist environments (other irrigated agriculture, rivers and natural wetlands) presumably suitable for weed establishment. Synthesis . Gulls can disperse weed plants over long distances across a mosaic of habitats. This implies exchange of weed plant species between human‐dominated and natural areas by waterbirds as dispersal vectors. This spatial study highlights the importance of non‐frugivorous birds for long‐distance plant dispersal, which is generally an overlooked mechanism in studies aiming to predict and manage expansion of weed plants. Abstract : Gulls can disperse weed plants over long distances across a mosaic of habitats. This implies exchange of weed plant species between human‐dominated and natural areas by waterbirds as dispersal vectors. This spatial study highlights the importance of non‐frugivorous birds for long‐distance plant dispersal, which is generally an overlooked mechanism in studies aiming to predict and manage expansion of weed plants. Resumen: Las aves acuáticas no frugívoras dispersan una gran variedad de plantas a través de endozoocoria, proporcionando mayores distancias de dispersión que otros mecanismos. Muchas aves acuáticas visitan lugares agrícolas y naturales durante sus movimientos diarios, pero el potencial de dispersión de malas hierbas mediante las aves desde lugares agrícolas a otros hábitats se ha infravalorado. Las gaviotas (Laridae) están aumentando sus números y explotando hábitats antropogénicos por todo el mundo, con implicaciones para la expansión de malas hierbas. Hasta la fecha, no hay estudios sobre la distribución espacial de malas hierbas por aves acuáticas. Desarrollamos un modelo de dispersión de plantas basado en movimientos GPS de 19 gaviotas Larus fuscus que utilizan arrozales. Se combinan estos movimientos diarios con dos curvas que estiman el tiempo de retention de las semillas en el tracto digestivo: (1) Una curva experimental basado en el tiempo de retención en cautividad de cuatro malas hierbas dispersadas por gaviotas: Juncus bufonius, Cyperus difformis, Polypogon monspeliensis y Amaranthus retroflexus (especie exótica); (2) una curva teórica basada en la relación entre peso corporal y el tiempo medio de retención. Las medianas de distancias de dispersión de las semillas de malas hierbas oscilaron entre 690–940 m, pero las distancias máximas superaron los 150 km. El modelo de retención teórico mostró mayor mediana de distancia de dispersión que el modelo experimental. Los patrones espaciales de deposición de malas hierbas fueron muy similares entre los dos modelos y dependieron sobretodo de los movimientos de las gaviotas. La variación individual tuvo poca influencia en los patrones de semillas. El 92% de todas las semillas (más de 10, 000 semillas intactas al día) se dispersaron dentro de los arrozales de 370 km 2 . El 8% restante se depositó más allá de los arrozales en otros hábitats, alcanzando el 42% de ellas ambientes húmedos (agricultura con irrigación permanente, ríos y otros humedales) considerados adecuados para el establecimiento de malas hierbas. Síntesis . las gaviotas pueden dispersar malas hierbas largas distancias sobre un mosaico de hábitats diferentes. Esto implica el intercambio de malas hierbas entre paisajes humanizados y áreas naturales por aves acuáticas como vectores de dispersión. Este estudio espacial resalta la importancia de las aves no frugívoras en la dispersión de plantas a larga distancia, las cuales son normalmente un mecanismo de dispersión que no se tiene en cuenta a la hora de predecir y controlar la expansión de malas hierbas. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Journal of ecology. Volume 109:Number 4(2021)
- Journal:
- Journal of ecology
- Issue:
- Volume 109:Number 4(2021)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 109, Issue 4 (2021)
- Year:
- 2021
- Volume:
- 109
- Issue:
- 4
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2021-0109-0004-0000
- Page Start:
- 1947
- Page End:
- 1958
- Publication Date:
- 2021-03-07
- Subjects:
- GPS data -- gut retention time -- Larus fuscus -- long‐distance dispersal -- movement ecology -- ricefields
Plant ecology -- Periodicals
577.05 - Journal URLs:
- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2745 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.13619 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0022-0477
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4972.000000
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 24530.xml