Nanomedicine for urologic cancers: diagnosis and management. (November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Li, Chunyang; Zeng, Xiaoxi; Qiu, Shi; Gu, Yonghong; Zhang, Yonggang
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cancer biology. Volume 86(2023)Part 2
• Page Start: 463
• Page End: 475
• Publication Date: 2022-11
• Subjects: PSMA Prostate-specific membrane antigen -- NP Nanoparticle -- PSA Prostate-specific antigen -- uPA urokinase-type plasminogen activator -- nano-PROD Nanopillar-based Raman optical detection -- QD Quantum dot -- LC-NP Light chain-conjugated nanoparticles -- SALDI Surface-assisted laser desorption ionization -- AuNPET Gold NP-enhanced target -- ICG Indocyanine green -- NIR Near-infrared -- DTX Docetaxel -- oLA8-DTX oligo(lactic acid)8-docetaxel -- PEG Poly (ethylene glycol) -- DOX Doxorubicin -- CTX Cabazitaxel -- TRAIL TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand -- ITGAV Integrin subunit alpha V -- OVs Oncolytic viruses -- IL-6 interleukin 6 -- GRP Gastrin-releasing peptide -- Apt-PEG-LP Aptamer-modified targeted liposome nano-carrier -- CFM CARP-1 functional mimetic -- TPGS Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate -- PTX Paclitaxel -- PDN Porphyrin:DNA nano-complexes -- BCG-CWS Bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin cell wall skeleton; Nanomedicine -- Nanotechnology -- Prostate cancer -- Renal cell carcinoma -- Bladder cancer; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Review Literature; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1044-579X

Abstract

Abstract: Urologic cancers accounted for more than two million new cases and around 0.8 million deaths in 2020. Although surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, as well as castration for prostate cancer, remain the cornerstones for managing urologic neoplasms, they can result in severe adverse effects, poor patient compliance, and unsatisfactory survival rates, thus, it is essential to develop novel options that enable the early detection of these malignancies, together with providing accurate diagnoses, and more efficient treatment strategies. Nanomedicine represents an emerging approach that can deliver formulations or drugs across traditional biological barriers in the body and be directed to specific cell types within target organs via active targeting or passive targeting, thus, showing potential to improve the management of urologic cancers. In this review, we discussed the most recent updates on the application of nanomedicines in the diagnosis and treatment of urologic cancers, with focus on prostate, bladder and kidney tumors. We also presented the anti-tumor molecular mechanisms of newly designed nanomedicine for treating urologic cancers, mainly including image-guided surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and their synergetic therapy. Current studies have demonstrated the potential advantages of nanomedicine over conventional approaches. However, most developments and new findings in this area have not been validated in clinical trials yet, and therefore, efforts shall be made to translate these research insights into clinical practices for urologic cancers.