Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the diversity and biology of valve cells in cardiac valve disease. Issue 1 (January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fu, Mengxia; Song, Jiangping
• Is Part Of: Journal of cardiology. Volume 81:Issue 1(2023)
• Page Start: 49
• Page End: 56
• Publication Date: 2023-01
• Subjects: AV Atrioventricular -- CAVD Calcified Aortic Valve Disease -- COX1 Cyclooxygenase-1 -- DC Dendritic Cell -- DMVD Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease -- EC Endothelial Cells -- ECM Extracellular Matrix -- EMT Epithelial–Mesenchymal Cell Transformation -- Endo-MT Endothelial–Mesenchymal Cell Transformation -- EndoV Endocardial valve cells -- Fbs Fibrosa Layer -- GAG Glycosaminoglycan-Producing -- hiPSC Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell -- HPVCs Pre-Valvular Endocardial Cells -- MFS Marfan Syndrome -- MI Myocardial Infarction -- OPG Osteoprotegerin -- PTH Parathyroid Hormone -- scRNA-seq Single-Cell RNA Sequencing -- Spg Spongiosa Layer -- TEHV Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves -- VDSCs Valve-Derived Stromal Cells -- VECs Valvular Endothelial Cells -- VICs Valvular Interstitial Cells -- vWF Von Willebrand Factor; Valve cells -- Single-cell RNA sequencing -- Heterogeneity -- Cardiac valve disease; Cardiology -- Periodicals; 616.12
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2022.03.012
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0914-5087

Abstract

Abstract: From highly aligned extracellular fibrils to the cells, a multilevel ordered hierarchy in valve leaflets is crucial for their biological function. Cardiac valve pathology most frequently involves a disruption in normal structure-function correlations through abnormal and complex interaction of cells, extracellular matrix, and their environment. At present, effective treatment for valve disease is limited and frequently ends with surgical repair or replacement with a mechanical or artificial biological cardiac valve, which comes with insuperable complications for many high-risk patients including aged and pediatric populations. Therefore, there is a critical need to fully appreciate the pathobiology of valve disease in order to develop better, alternative therapies. To date, the majority of studies have focused on delineating valve disease mechanisms at the cellular level. However, the cellular heterogeneity and function is still unclear. In this review, we summarize the body of work on valve cells, with a particular focus on the discoveries about valve cells heterogeneity and functions using single-cell RNA sequencing. We conclude by discussing state-of-the-art strategies for deciphering heterogeneity of these complex cell types, and argue this knowledge could translate into the improved personalized treatment of cardiac valve disease. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: Overview the application of single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies for studying heart valve development and disease. Presentation of limitations and strengths of single-cell RNA-sequencing application in valvular science. Review of novel cell subtypes implicated in heart valve development and disease using single-cell RNA-sequencing methods.