Association between Diffusion Tensor Imaging, inflammation and immunological alterations in unipolar and bipolar depression: A review. (December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Aronica, Rosario; Enrico, Paolo; Squarcina, Letizia; Brambilla, Paolo; Delvecchio, Giuseppe
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. Volume 143(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-12
• Subjects: 3HK 3-hydroxykynurenine -- 5-HIAA 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid -- AC auditory cortex -- ACR anterior corona radiata -- AD axial diffusivity -- ADC apparent diffusion coefficient -- AK axial kurtosis -- BCC body of corpus callosum -- BD bipolar disorder -- BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor -- BMI body-mass index -- CC corpus callosum -- CI confidence interval -- CMS chronic mild stress -- CRP C-reactive protein -- DNAm CRP DNA methylation signature of CRP -- TI Diffusion tensor imaging -- DWMLs cerebral deep white matter lesions -- ECT electroconvulsive therapy -- ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- FA fractional anisotropy -- FACS Fluorescence-activated cell sorting -- FAT FA of cellular tissues -- FW free water -- HAMD-17 Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) with 17 items -- HCs Healthy controls -- HCMV Human Cytomegalovirus -- HDRS Baseline Hamilton Depression Rating Scale -- HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography -- HRP horseradish peroxidase complex -- IFOF inferior fronto-occipital fascicle -- IGFBP2 Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 -- KynA kynurenic acid -- MAP2 anti-microtubule associated protein 2 -- MD mean diffusivity -- MDD major depression disorder -- MINI Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview -- MK mean kurtosis -- MKT mean of kurtosis tensor -- MRI magnetic resonance imaging -- NF-H anti-neuro-filament 200 antibody -- PDGF-BB Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB human -- RD radial axial diffusivity -- RK radial kurtosis -- ROI region of interest -- SCAN Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry -- SCID-I/NP Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text revision (DSM-IV-TR) Research Version, Non-Patient Edition -- SCID-I/P Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis-I Disorders/Patient edition -- SCID-II Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis II Personality Disorders -- SCR superior corona radiata -- SIMD-R Structured Interview for Mood Disorder – Revised -- TBSS tract based spatial statistic -- VEFG vascular endothelial growth factor -- Wl axial tensor kurtosis -- WM white matter -- Wt radial tensor kurtosis -- YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale; Major depressive disorder -- Bipolar depression -- MDD -- BDD -- Diffusion tensor imaging -- DTI -- White matter -- Demyelination -- Neuroinflammation -- Immunomarkers; Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; Human behavior -- Periodicals; Animal behavior -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Behavior -- Periodicals; Ethology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Psychophysiologie -- Périodiques; Comportement humain -- Périodiques; Animaux -- Mœurs et comportement -- Périodiques; Neurologie -- Périodiques; Animal behavior; Human behavior; Neurology; Psychophysiology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 573.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104922
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0149-7634

Abstract

Abstract: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder Depression (BDD) are common psychiatric illnesses characterized by structural and functional brain alterations and signs of neuroinflammation. In line with the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of depressive syndromes, recent studies have demonstrated how white matter (WM) microstructural impairments detected by Diffusion Tensor Imaging, are correlated to peripheral immunomarkers in depressed patients. In this context, we performed a comprehensive systematic search on PubMed, Medline and Scopus of the original studies published till June 2022, exploring the association between immunomarkers and WM alteration patterns in patients affected by MDD or BDD. Overall, the studies included in this review showed a consistent association between blood proinflammatory and counter-regulatory immunomarkers, including regulatory T cells and natural killer cells markers, as well as measures of demyelination and dysmyelination in both MDD and BDD patients. These pathogenetic insights could outline an integrated clinical perspective to affective disorders, helping psychiatrists to develop novel biotype-to-phenotype models of depression and opening the way to tailored approaches in treatments. Highlights: Plasma BDNF levels increase in parallel to the myelin inflammatory damage indicators in MDD patients. The increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines is correlated to DT-MRI indicators of WM damage in MDD patients. The correlation between the WM damage and IL-10 supports the involvement of the counter-regulatory immunity in BDD patients. WM integrity is directly associated to Th17 and Treg levels in BDD patients. NK cells play an important role in maintaining WM integrity in BDD patients.