The role of nutrition in canine idiopathic epilepsy management: Fact or fiction?. (December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Verdoodt, Fien; Watanangura, Antja; Bhatti, Sofie F.M.; Schmidt, Teresa; Suchodolski, Jan S.; Van Ham, Luc; Meller, Sebastian; Volk, Holger A.; Hesta, Myriam
• Is Part Of: Veterinary journal. Volume 290(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-12
• Subjects: Dog -- Epilepsy -- Medium chain triglycerides -- Microbiota-gut-brain axis -- Nutraceuticals; ASDs Antiseizure drugs -- IE Idiopathic epilepsy -- MGBA Microbiota-gut-brain axis -- ENS Enteric nervous system -- CNS Central nervous system -- GIM Gastro-intestinal microbiome -- GI Gastro-intestinal -- KD Ketogenic diet -- KBs Ketone bodies -- MCTs Medium chain triglycerides -- LCFA Long chain fatty acids -- MCFA Medium chain fatty acids -- BBB Blood-brain-barrier -- GABA Gamma-aminobutyric acid -- TCA Tricarboxylic acid -- SCFA Short chain fatty acids -- SF Seizure frequency -- CBD Cannabidiol -- ALA Linolenic acid -- EPA Eicosapentaenoic acid -- DHA Docosahexaenoic acid -- PUFAs Polyunsaturated fatty acids -- Pb Phenobarbital -- KBr Potassium bromide; Veterinary medicine -- Periodicals; 636
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105917
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1090-0233

Abstract

Abstract: In the last decade, nutrition has gained interest in the management of canine idiopathic epilepsy (IE) based on growing scientific evidence. Diets can serve their functions through many pathways. One potential pathway includes the microbiota-gut-brain axis, which highlights the relationship between the brain and the intestines. Changing the brain's energy source and a number of dietary sourced anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective factors appears to be the basis for improved outcomes in IE. Selecting a diet with anti-seizure effects and avoiding risks of proconvulsant mediators as well as interference with anti-seizure drugs should all be considered in canine IE. This literature review provides information about preclinical and clinical evidence, including a systematic evaluation of the level of evidence, suggested mechanism of action and interaction with anti-seizure drugs as well as pros and cons of each potential dietary adaptation in canine IE. Highlights: Dietary changes can affect seizure management in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE). One of the proposed mechanisms of action includes the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The use of medium chain triglycerides for dogs with IE is scientifically supported. Further research is needed for other nutritional interventions.