COVID-19 pandemic affects STEMI numbers and in-hospital mortality: results of a nationwide analysis in Germany. (3rd October 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Oettinger, V; Heidenreich, A; Zehender, M; Bode, C; Stachon, P; Kaier, K; Von Zur Muehlen, C
• Is Part Of: European heart journal. Volume 43(2022)Supplement 2
• Publication Date: 2022-10-03
• Subjects: Cardiology -- Periodicals; Heart -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 616.12005
• DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1422
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0195-668X

Abstract

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to extensive restrictions in Germany in 2020, including the postponement of elective interventions. We examined the impact on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) as an acute and non-postponable disease. Methods: Using German national records, all STEMI between 2017 and 2020 were identified. Using the number of STEMI cases between 2017 and 2019, we created a forecast for 2020 using poisson regression models and compared it with the observed number of STEMI in 2020. Results: From 2017 to 2020, 248, 062 patients were treated for a STEMI in Germany. Mean age was 65.21 years and 28.36% were female. When comparing forecasted and observed STEMI in 2020, a correlation can be seen: Noticeably fewer STEMI were treated in those weeks respectively months with an increasing COVID-19 hospitalization rate (monthly percentage decrease in STEMI: March −14.85% April −13.39%, November −11.92%, December −22.95%). At the same time, the risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality increased significantly at the peaks of the first and second waves (monthly in-hospital mortality: April RR=1.11 [95% CI 1.02; 1.21], November 1.13 [1.04; 1.24], December 1.16 [1.06; 1.27]). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a noticeable decrease in the number of STEMI interventions in Germany at the peaks of the first and second waves in 2020, corresponding to an increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations. At the same time, in-hospital mortality after STEMI increased significantly in these phases. Funding Acknowledgement: Type of funding sources: None.