Effects of food‐borne nanomaterials on gastrointestinal tissues and microbiota. (26th May 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bouwmeester, Hans; van der Zande, Meike; Jepson, Mark A.
• Is Part Of: Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Volume 10:Number 1(2018)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2017-05-26
• Subjects: Nanomedicine -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Ultrastructure (Biology) -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1481
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1939-5116

Abstract

Abstract : Ingestion of engineered nanomaterials is inevitable due to their addition to food and prevalence in food packaging and domestic products such as toothpaste and sun cream. In the absence of robust dosimetry and particokinetic data, it is currently challenging to accurately assess the potential toxicity of food‐borne nanomaterials. Herein, we review current understanding of gastrointestinal uptake mechanisms, consider some data on the potential for toxicity of the most commonly encountered classes of food‐borne nanomaterials (including TiO2, SiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles), and discuss the potential impact of the luminal environment on nanoparticle properties and toxicity. Much of our current understanding of gastrointestinal nanotoxicology is derived from increasingly sophisticated epithelial models that augment in vivo studies. In addition to considering the direct effects of food‐borne nanomaterials on gastrointestinal tissues, including the potential role of chronic nanoparticle exposure in development of inflammatory diseases, we also discuss the potential for food‐borne nanomaterials to disturb the normal balance of microbiota within the gastrointestinal tract. The latter possibility warrants close attention given the increasing awareness of the critical role of microbiota in human health and the known impact of some food‐borne nanomaterials on bacterial viability. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2018, 10:e1481. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1481 This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials Abstract : Interactions of nanoparticles in the gastrointestinal tract and subsequent uptake are complex. Firstly, nanoparticles interact with the harsh conditions within the intestinal lumen and the food components therein. Upon contact with the gastrointestinal epithelium some nanoparticles might be taken up by cells. The middle picture shows the uptake of silver nanoparticles by M cells in vitro. Yet underexplored are the interaction of nanoparticles with the gastrointestinal microbiome.