MO047STABLE EGFR IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPEROXALURIA TYPE 1 TREATED WITH LUMASIRAN, REGARDLESS OF KIDNEY FUNCTION AT START OF TREATMENT. (29th May 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hayes, Wesley; Garrelfs, Sander; Sas, David; Lieske, John; Ngo, Taylor; Gansner, John; McGregor, Tracy; Frishberg, Yaacov
• Is Part Of: Nephrology dialysis transplantation. Volume 36(2021)Supplement 1
• Publication Date: 2021-05-29
• Subjects: Nephrology -- Periodicals; Hemodialysis -- Periodicals; Kidneys -- Transplantation -- Periodicals; Hemodialysis; Kidneys -- Transplantation; Nephrology; Periodicals; 616.61
• DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab080.0019
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0931-0509

Abstract

Abstract: Background and Aims: Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hepatic oxalate overproduction. Excess oxalate is excreted by the kidneys, leading to recurrent kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, and progressive kidney disease. Patients with PH1 generally experience a slow decline in kidney function over time that can be punctuated by abrupt worsening precipitated by infection, obstructing stones, or dehydration. Approximately half of patients with PH1 progress to kidney failure by early adulthood, and nearly all by 60 years of age. Lumasiran is an RNAi therapeutic indicated for the treatment of PH1 in all age groups. In clinical trials, treatment with lumasiran resulted in substantial reductions in urinary and plasma oxalate in pediatric and adult patients, with an acceptable safety profile. This analysis evaluates the change in kidney function of patients with PH1 with an eGFR of ≥30 mL/min/1.73m2 enrolled in clinical trials of lumasiran. Method: We analyzed kidney function from 75 patients with PH1, age ≥12 months old, eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73m2, enrolled in 3 clinical trials of lumasiran (Phase 2 open-label extension, and Phase 3 ILLUMINATE-A and ILLUMINATE-B). In these trials, eGFR was calculated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study equation in adults or the bedside Schwartz equation in children. The effect of lumasiran on eGFR was assessed by baseline eGFR subgroup: ≥90, <90, 60 to <90, 45 to <60, and 30 to <45 mL/min/1.73m2. Results: Of 75 patients available for analysis, 46 were treated with lumasiran from the start of the study through the Month 12 visit. eGFR remained stable in all eGFR subgroups. Patients with eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73m2 at baseline (N=16) demonstrated fluctuations in mean values by timepoint, with a mean change (95% CI) from baseline of -1 (-8, 6) mL/min/1.73m2 at Month 12. In patients with eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73m2 (N=30), no change in mean eGFR from baseline was observed at Month 12; the mean change (95% CI) was 0 (-3, 3). When evaluating subgroups with impaired kidney function, variations in the mean change were observed at Month 12 due to small sample sizes. For patients with eGFR 60 to <90 mL/min/1.73m2 (N=22), the mean change (95% CI) was -2 (-5, 1). For patients with eGFR 45 to <60 mL/min/1.73m2 (N=5), the mean change (95% CI) was 3 (-8, 14). For patients with eGFR 30 to <45 mL/min/1.73m2 (N=3), the mean change (95% CI) was 9 (7, 11). Conclusion: Patients with PH1 had stable kidney function over time with lumasiran treatment, regardless of kidney function at baseline. Given the progressive kidney function decline that is characteristic of PH1, the eGFR stability observed during 12 months of treatment with lumasiran is encouraging. Kidney function will continue to be monitored for the duration of the lumasiran clinical trials.