A dual carbon Na-ion capacitor based on polypyrrole-derived carbon nanoparticles. (5th January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Diez, Noel; Sevilla, Marta; Fuertes, Antonio B.
• Is Part Of: Carbon. Volume 201(2023)
• Page Start: 1126
• Page End: 1136
• Publication Date: 2023-01-05
• Subjects: Nanoparticle -- Doped carbon -- Energy storage -- Sodium ion capacitor; Carbon -- Periodicals; Carbone -- Périodiques; Koolstof; Toepassingen; Electronic journals; 546.681
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2022.10.036
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0008-6223

Abstract

Abstract: N/S-co-coped carbon nanoparticles (mean size ∼ 80–90 nm) have been synthesized by a simple strategy based on the preparation of polypyrrole nanospheres by a room temperature oxidative polymerization process followed by their S doping using elemental sulfur. The developed materials combine a highly disordered microstructure with a high level of N- and S-doping and short solid-state diffusion distances. These characteristics endow the materials with a large number of readily accessible adsorption/insertion sites for sodium storage, yielding thus high reversible capacities (of up to 726 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 ) that are well retained at high current rates (up to 188 mAh g −1 at 10 A g −1 ). The material with optimized Na storage performance was tested as the negative electrode in a sodium-ion capacitor, using as the positive electrode highly porous nanoparticles prepared by KHCO3 activation of the same polypyrrole nanospheres (SBET ∼ 2970 m 2 g −1 ). The sodium-ion capacitor with an optimized positive-to-negative electrode mass ratio of 2 delivers as much as 69 Wh kg −1 at a high-power density of 25 kW kg −1, and can be successfully charged and discharged for 10000 cycles experiencing a capacity loss of only 0.0024% per cycle at 2 A g −1 . Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: N/S-co-coped carbon nanoparticles were synthesized from polypyrrole and sulfur. They combine disordered structure, high S/N-doping and short diffusion distances. The materials achieve high capacity and rate performance below 1.5 V vs. Na + /Na. Full NIC was built using highly porous PPy-derived nanoparticles as the cathode. The NIC achieved high energy density and showed high cycling stability.