Enhancing the accuracy of surgical wound excision following burns trauma via application of Rapid Evaporative IonisationMass Spectrometry (REIMS). Issue 7 (November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yau, Andrew; Fear, Mark W; Gray, Nicola; Ryan, Monique; Holmes, Elaine; Nicholson, Jeremy K; Whiley, Luke; Wood, Fiona M
• Is Part Of: Burns. Volume 48:Issue 7(2022)
• Page Start: 1574
• Page End: 1583
• Publication Date: 2022-11
• Subjects: REIMS Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry -- LC-MS/MS liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry -- QToF Quadrupole time-of-flight -- IPA isopropanol -- FFA free fatty acids -- MAG monoacylglycerols -- DAG diacylglycerides -- TAG triacylglycerides -- LPC lysophosphocholines -- LPI lysophosphoinositols -- LPG lysophosphoglycerol -- LPE lysophosphoethanolamines -- LCER lactosylceramides -- PC phosphocholines -- PE phosphoethanolamines -- PI phosphoinositols -- PS phosphoserines -- HCER hexosylceramides -- DCER dihydroceramides -- CER ceraminde -- CE cholesterol esters -- SM sphingomyelins; Debridement -- Surgery -- Mass Spectrometry -- Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) -- Burns; Burns and scalds -- Periodicals; 617.11
• DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.08.021
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0305-4179

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Surgical wound excision is a necessary procedure for burn patients that require the removal of eschar. The extent of excision is currently guided by clinical judgement, with excessinto healthy tissue potentially leading to excessive scar, or inadequate debridement increasing risk of infection. Thus, an objective real-time measure to facilitate accurate excision could support clinical judgement and improve this surgical procedure. This study was designed to investigate the potential use of Rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry (REIMS) as a tool to support data-driven objective tissue excision. Methods: Data were acquired using a multi-platform approach that consisted of both Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) performed on intact skin, and comprehensive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) lipidomics performed on homogenised skin tissue extracts. Data were analysed using principal components analysis (PCA) and multivariate orthogonal projections to latent squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and logistic regression to determine the predictability of the models. Results: PCA and OPLS-DA models of the REIMS and LC-MS/MS lipidomics data reported separation of excised and healthy tissue. Molecular fingerprints generated from REIMS analysis of healthy skin tissue revealed a high degree of heterogeneity, however, intra-individual variance was smaller than inter-individual variance. Both platforms indicated high levels of skin classification accuracy. In addition, OPLS-DA of the LC-MS/MS lipidomic data revealed significant differences in specific lipid classes between healthy control and excised skin samples; including lower free fatty acids (FFA), monoacylglycerols (MAG), lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) and lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE) in excised tissue and higher lactosylceramides (LCER) and cholesterol esters (CE) compared to healthy control tissue. Conclusions: Having established the heterogeneity in the biochemical composition of healthy skin using REIMS and LC-MS/MS, our data show that REIMS has the potential to distinguish between excied and healthy skin tissue samples. This pilot study suggests that REIMS may be an effective tool to support accurate tissue excision during burn surgery. Highlights: Mass spectroscopy is an effective tool to differentiate damaged and viable skin tissue. Rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectroscopy (REIMS) can differentiate viable and burned skin tissue. REIMS may be an effective tool to assist clinical debridement of burn injury to enhance accuracy.