Outcomes following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in individuals with and without solid organ transplantation—A Danish nationwide cohort study. Issue 11 (25th July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Overvad, Maria; Koch, Anders; Jespersen, Bente; Gustafsson, Finn; Krause, Tyra Grove; Hansen, Christian Holm; Ethelberg, Steen; Obel, Niels
• Is Part Of: American journal of transplantation. Volume 22:Issue 11(2022)
• Page Start: 2627
• Page End: 2636
• Publication Date: 2022-07-25
• Subjects: clinical research/practice -- infectious disease -- infection and infectious agents ‐ viral -- infection and infectious agents – viral: SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19 -- solid organ transplantation; Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc -- Periodicals; 617.95
• DOI: 10.1111/ajt.17142
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1600-6135

Abstract

Abstract : The risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, hospitalization and death, and the effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) is still debated. We performed a nationwide, population‐based, matched cohort study, including all Danish SOTRs ( n = 5184) and a matched cohort from the general population ( n = 41 472). Cox regression analyses were used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs). SOTRs had a slightly increased risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and were vaccinated earlier than the general population. The overall risk of hospital contact with COVID‐19, severe COVID‐19, need for assisted respiration, and hospitalization followed by death was substantially higher in SOTRs (IRR: 32.8 95%CI [29.0–37.0], 9.2 [6.7–12.7], 12.5 [7.6–20.8], 12.4 [7.9–12.7]). The risk of hospitalization and death after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection decreased substantially in SOTRs after the emergence of the Omicron variant (IRR: 0.45 [0.37–0.56], 0.17 [0.09–0.30]). Three vaccinations reduced the risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection only marginally compared to two vaccinations, but SOTRs with three vaccinations had a lower risk of death (IRR: 022 [0.16–0.35]). We conclude that SOTRs have a risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection comparable to the general population, but substantially increased the risk of hospitalization and death following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. A third vaccination only reduces the risk of SARS‐CoV2 infection marginally, but SOTRs vaccinated 3 times have reduced mortality. Abstract : The authors used a Danish matched cohort study to compare risk and outcomes of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in solid organ transplant recipients to the background population, finding comparable risk of infection but higher risk of hospitalization and death among transplant recipients.