The microgrids' participation problem in the wholesale markets considering different viewpoints about the ownership and the management of the battery energy storages. (1st November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bahramara, S.
• Is Part Of: Journal of energy storage. Volume 55:Part A(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-11-01
• Subjects: Battery energy storage -- Microgrids -- Renewable energy sources -- Wholesale energy and ancillary service markets; Energy storage -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Research -- Periodicals; 621.3126
• DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2022.105432
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-152X

Abstract

Abstract: The battery energy storages (BESs) are the main technologies in facilitating the integration of the renewable energy sources (RESs) into the power systems through the microgrid (MG) platform. The MG operators (MGOs) can supply their own demand and they can also trade energy with the markets through optimal charging/discharging of the BESs. Moreover, the BESs give the ability to the MGOs to earn more profit from participating in the wholesale ancillary service markets. Although the BESs are considered in the MGO's participation problem in the markets in most of the previous studies, they are not modeled regarding ownership and management. Since in the real applications, the BESs are presented in the MG with different ownership and management, the importance and the necessity of considering these two factors are highlighted. To address this, three frameworks are proposed and formulated to consider different aspects of modeling the ownership and the management of the BESs in the MGOs decision-making problem in the markets. The numerical results showed that increasing 50 % of the operation cost of the BESs, reduces the MGO's revenue for only 4.3 % in case A where the MGO is the owner of the BESs. This is while, in case B, where the BESs have private owners, increasing 50 % of the BESs owner's bids decreases 17 % of the MGO's revenue. This declares that the MGO faces lower risk in Case A compared with Case B. Highlights: Three cases are developed to model the ownership and the management of the BESs. The technical and economic modeling of the BESs in these three cases are proposed. The MGO employs different strategies to schedule the BESs in these cases. The MGO faces lower risk in case that it is the owner of the BESs.