Effectiveness of the Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine for Preventing COVID-19 Hospitalizations and Progression to High Disease Severity in the United States . (8th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lewis, Nathaniel M; Self, Wesley H; Gaglani, Manjusha; Ginde, Adit A; Douin, David J; Keipp Talbot, H; Casey, Jonathan D; Mohr, Nicholas M; Zepeski, Anne; Ghamande, Shekhar A; McNeal, Tresa A; Shapiro, Nathan I; Gibbs, Kevin W; Files, D Clark; Hager, David N; Shehu, Arber; Prekker, Matthew E; Erickson, Heidi L; Gong, Michelle N; Mohamed, Amira; Johnson, Nicholas J; Srinivasan, Vasisht; Steingrub, Jay S; Peltan, Ithan D; Brown, Samuel M; Martin, Emily T; Monto, Arnold S; Khan, Akram; Busse, Laurence W; Lohuis, Caitlin C ten; Duggal, Abhijit; Wilson, Jennifer G; Gordon, Alexandra June; Qadir, Nida; Chang, Steven Y; Mallow, Christopher; Rivas, Carolina; Babcock, Hilary M; Kwon, Jennie H; Exline, Matthew C; Lauring, Adam S; Halasa, Natasha; Chappell, James D; Grijalva, Carlos G; Rice, Todd W; Rhoads, Jillian P; Jones, Ian D; Stubblefield, William B; Baughman, Adrienne; Womack, Kelsey N; Lindsell, Christopher J; Hart, Kimberly W; Zhu, Yuwei; Adams, Katherine; Patel, Manish M; Tenforde, Mark W;
• Is Part Of: Clinical infectious diseases. Volume 75(2022)Supplement 2
• Page Start: S159
• Page End: S166
• Publication Date: 2022-06-08
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- vaccine effectiveness -- viral vector vaccines; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; 616.905
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac439
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-4838

Abstract

Abstract: Background . Adults in the United States (US) began receiving the adenovirus vector coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson [Janssen]), in February 2021. We evaluated Ad26.COV2.S vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19 hospitalization and high disease severity during the first 10 months of its use. Methods . In a multicenter case-control analysis of US adults (≥18 years) hospitalized 11 March to 15 December 2021, we estimated VE against susceptibility to COVID-19 hospitalization (VEs), comparing odds of prior vaccination with a single dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine between hospitalized cases with COVID-19 and controls without COVID-19. Among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, we estimated VE against disease progression (VEp) to death or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), comparing odds of prior vaccination between patients with and without progression. Results . After excluding patients receiving mRNA vaccines, among 3979 COVID-19 case-patients (5% vaccinated with Ad26.COV2.S) and 2229 controls (13% vaccinated with Ad26.COV2.S), VEs of Ad26.COV2.S against COVID-19 hospitalization was 70% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63–75%) overall, including 55% (29–72%) among immunocompromised patients, and 72% (64–77%) among immunocompetent patients, for whom VEs was similar at 14–90 days (73% [59–82%]), 91–180 days (71% [60–80%]), and 181–274 days (70% [54–81%]) postvaccination. Among hospitalized COVID-19 case-patients, VEp was 46% (18–65%) among immunocompetent patients. Conclusions . The Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccine reduced the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization by 72% among immunocompetent adults without waning through 6 months postvaccination. After hospitalization for COVID-19, vaccinated immunocompetent patients were less likely to require IMV or die compared to unvaccinated immunocompetent patients. Abstract : In a multicenter case-control analysis of hospitalized US adults (≥18 years), the viral vector coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S, reduced risk of hospitalization with COVID-19 by 70%, consistent up to >180 days postvaccination and across periods of different variant predominance.