Estimating smart energy inputs packages using hybrid optimisation technique to mitigate environmental emissions of commercial fish farms. (15th November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Elahi, Ehsan; Khalid, Zainab
• Is Part Of: Applied energy. Volume 326(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-11-15
• Subjects: Hybrid optimisation technique -- Sensitively analysis -- Energy inputs -- Mitigation -- Environmental emissions -- Fish farms; ANN Artificial Neural Network -- GHG Greenhous Gas -- CD Cobb-Douglas -- ESTR Energy Saving Target Ratio -- MAPE Mean Absolute Percentage Error -- kWh Kilowatt-Hour -- kg Kilogram -- MPP Marginal Physical Productivity -- DEA Data Envelopment Approach -- SFA Stochastic Frontier Analysis -- OLS Ordinary Least Square -- MJ Mega Joule -- VIF Variance Inflation Factor -- MS Microsoft -- SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences -- MATLAB Matrix Laboratory; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy conservation -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119602
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-2619

Abstract

Highlights: A hybrid optimisation technique was used to predict CO2eq emissions of fish farms. Nitrogen, fuel, manure, and electricity were the most overused energy inputs. GHG emissions could be reduced to 6, 403.39 tons of CO2eq/farm using targeted inputs. An ANN method suggests reducing 17.3% of energy inputs and 23% of GHG emissions. Use of smart energy input packages reduced wasteful use of energy and the emissions. Abstract: The current study uses a hybrid optimization technique (ANN and DEA) to estimate smart energy input packages to reduce the environmental emissions of fish farms. In 2021, enumerators visited polyculture fish farms in Pakistan and interviewed 216 farmers using a well-structured questionnaire. The results showed that energy consumption and production were 1, 11, 493 and 54, 62, 643 MJ per farm, respectively. ANN determined that the emitted 8, 323.57 tons of CO2eq per farm could be reduced to 6, 403.39 tons of CO2eq. At a given level of farm output, nitrogen, diesel fuel, and electricity consumption were reduced by 31 %, 22 %, and 13 %, respectively. Using the smart energy input packages, the fish farm achieved a 23 % drop in environmental emissions and a 20 % improvement in energy use efficiency. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the energy production of fish farming increased significantly by 2.22, 0.83, 0.26, 0.09 and 1.14 units, respectively, with an increase of one-unit labor, juvenile fish, diesel fuel, electricity and green grass. While the energy output of carp was significantly decreased by 0.43, 1.64, and 0.13 units, with a 1 unit increase in the energy from mixed powder, animal manure, and nitrogen, respectively. Therefore, this study recommends using targeted energy inputs and substituting diesel fuel with green energy to reduce the environmental emissions of fish farms.