Medication adversely impacts visually-guided eye movements in Parkinson's disease. (November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Munoz, Miranda J.; Reilly, James L.; Pal, Gian D.; Verhagen Metman, Leo; Rivera, Yessenia M.; Drane, Quentin H.; Corcos, Daniel M.; David, Fabian J.; Goelz, Lisa C.
• Is Part Of: Clinical neurophysiology. Volume 143(2022)
• Page Start: 145
• Page End: 153
• Publication Date: 2022-11
• Subjects: Saccades -- Levodopa -- Parkinson's disease -- Response latency; PD Parkinson's disease -- VGS visually-guided saccade -- MDS-UPDRS Movement Disorders Society – Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale -- MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment -- LEDD Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dosage; Neurophysiology -- Periodicals; Electroencephalography -- Periodicals; Electromyography -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2022.07.505
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1388-2457

Abstract

Highlights: Saccade latency is prolonged as disease severity increases, irrespective of whether participants were off or on medication. Medication effects interact with task manipulations, such as paradigm and target eccentricity. Medication has adverse effects on saccade latency, gain, and peak velocity; medication may impair rapid shifts of attention. Abstract: Objective: We examined whether previous inconsistent findings about the effect of anti-Parkinsonian medication on visually-guided saccades (VGS) were due to the use of different paradigms, which change the timing of fixation offset and target onset, or different target eccentricities. Methods: Thirty-three participants with Parkinson's disease (PD) completed the VGS tasks OFF and ON medication, along with 13 healthy controls. Performance on 3 paradigms (gap, step, and overlap) and 2 target eccentricities was recorded. We used mixed models to determine the effect of medication, paradigm, and target eccentricity on saccade latency, gain, and peak velocity. Results: First, we confirmed known paradigm effects on latency, and target eccentricity effects on gain and peak velocity in participants with PD. Second, latency was positively associated with OFF medication Movement Disorders Society – Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) motor score in PD. Third, medication prolonged latency for the larger target eccentricity across the 3 paradigms, while decreasing gain and peak velocity in the step paradigm across target eccentricities. Conclusions: Medication adversely affected and was not therapeutically beneficial for VGS. Previous inconsistencies may have resulted from chosen target eccentricity. Significance: The negative medication effect on VGS may be clinically significant, as many activities in daily life require oculomotor control, inhibitory control, and visually-guided shifts of attention.