Spatially dependent photometric activity of M dwarfs in the solar cylinder. Issue 2 (29th September 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chang, Seo-Won; Wolf, Christian; Onken, Christopher A
• Is Part Of: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Volume 517:Issue 2(2022)
• Page Start: 2842
• Page End: 2854
• Publication Date: 2022-09-29
• Subjects: techniques: photometric -- stars: activity -- stars: flare -- stars: low-mass -- stars: statistics; Astronomy -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 520.5
• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac2788
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0035-8711

Abstract

ABSTRACT: We study the relationship between Galactic location ( R, Z ) and photometric activity for 3.6 million M dwarf stars within 1 kpc of the Sun. For this purpose, we identify 906 unique flare events as a proxy for magnetic activity from the SkyMapper Southern Survey Data Release 3. We adopt vertical distance | Z | from the Galactic disc as a proxy for age and confirm a strong trend of flaring fraction decreasing with growing stellar age. Among M dwarfs within 50 pc of the Sun, we find a flaring fraction of one in 1500, independent of spectral type from M2 to M7, suggesting that these stars are all in a flare-saturated young evolutionary stage. We find a hint of a kink in the slope of the overall flare fraction near 100 pc from the plane, where a steep decline begins; this slope change is visible for mid-type M dwarfs (M3–M5), suggesting it is not an artefact of mixing spectral type. Together with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Hα emission, this trend is additional evidence that the activity fraction of M dwarfs depends on Galactic height and activity lifetime. While there is a hint of flattening of the overall activity fraction above | Z | ≈ 500 pc, our data do not constrain this further. Within ∼500 pc distance from the Sun, we find no sign of radial disc gradients in flare activity, which may only be revealed by samples covering a larger radial range.