Particulate matter pollution and asthma mortality in China: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study from 2015 to 2020. (December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Wei; Wei, Jing; Cai, Miao; Qian, Zhengmin; Long, Zheng; Wang, Lijun; Vaughn, Michael G.; Aaron, Hannah E.; Tong, Xunliang; Li, Yanming; Yin, Peng; Lin, Hualiang; Zhou, Maigeng
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 308:Part 2(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-12
• Subjects: Submicron particulate matter -- Particulate matter -- Air pollutants -- Asthma -- Mortality -- Particle size; CHAP China High Air Pollutants -- ERA5 The fifth generation of European ReAnalysis -- ICD-10 The Tenth Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems -- ER Excess risk -- CI Confidence interval -- IQR interquartile range -- PM1: particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 1 μm PM2.5: particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm -- PM10: particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm O3: Ozone -- NO2: Nitrogen dioxide SO2: Sulfur dioxide -- CO Carbon monoxide; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136316
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: Background: A national and comprehensive evaluation is lacking on the relationship between short-term exposure to submicron particulate matter (PM1 ) pollution and asthma mortality. Methods: Data was obtained from 29, 553 asthma deaths from the China National Mortality Surveillance System from 2015 to 2020. We used a bilinear interpolation approach to estimate each participant's daily ambient particulate matter pollution and meteorological variables exposure based on their geocoded residential address and a 10 km × 10 km grid from China High Air Pollutants and the fifth generation of European ReAnalysis-Land reanalysis data set. The associations were estimated using a time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional logistic regressions. Results: Our results revealed significant associations between short-term exposure to various particulate matter and asthma mortality. The 5-day moving average of particulate matter exposure produced the most pronounced effect. Compared to fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) and inhalable particulate matter (PM10 ), significantly stronger effects on asthma mortality related to PM1 pollution were noted. The ERs% for asthma mortality associated with each interquartile range (IQR) increase of exposures to PM1 (IQR: 19.2 μg/m 3 ) was 5.59% (95% CI: 2.11–9.19), which is 14% and 22% higher than that for PM2.5 (IQR: 32.0 μg/m 3, 4.82% (95% CI: 1.84–7.90)) and PM10 (IQR: 52.2 μg/m 3, 4.37% (95% CI: 1.16–7.69)), respectively. The estimates remained consistent in various sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Our study provided national evidence that acute exposures to various ambient particulate matter pollution can increase mortality due to asthma in China, highlighting stronger associations with ambient PM1 than PM2.5 and PM10 . China needs to adjust the current ambient air quality standards urgently and pay greater attention to the adverse health effects of PM1 . Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Submicron particulate matter exposure may increase asthma mortality in China. Smaller particles produced stronger effects on asthma mortality. Risk of asthma mortality related to PM exists even at low concentration levels.