Weight changes after first-line antiretroviral initiation in a cohort of HIV-positive patients in Southern Spain (CAPOTA study). (November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gómez-Ayerbe, Cristina; Palacios, Rosario; Mayorga, Marisa; Navarrete, Miguel Nicolas; Ferra, Sergio; Ruiz, Inmaculada; Garcia, Coral; Castaño, Manuel; Merino, Dolores; Collado, Antonio; Hidalgo-Tenorio, Carmen; Delgado, Marcial; Rivero, Antonio; Santos, Jesús
• Is Part Of: International journal of STD & AIDS. Volume 33:Number 13(2022)
• Page Start: 1119
• Page End: 1123
• Publication Date: 2022-11
• Subjects: HIV -- antiretroviral therapy -- metabolic change -- weight-gain -- AIDS; Sexually transmitted diseases -- Periodicals; AIDS (Disease) -- Periodicals; 616.951
• DOI: 10.1177/09564624221125356
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-4624

Abstract

Background: Obesity among persons living with HIV (PLWH) has increased and weight gain after antiretroviral therapy (ART) can lead to metabolic disorders and impact survival. Our objective was to analyze weight and metabolic changes in HIV näive patients after 48 weeks of ART. Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicentered cohort study comprising naïve-patients who started tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/elvitegravir/cobicistat (TAF/FTC/EVG/c) or abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (ABC/3TC/DTG), with no change in treatment for 48 weeks. Clinical and metabolic parameters were collected at baseline and week-48. Statistical program used was SPSS 21.0.0. Results: The study included 329 participants from 6 hospitals. Participants were 89% male and 10% had AIDS diagnosis. Median age was 35 (IQR 27–43) years. Median baseline CD4 count was 417 (IQR 250–569) cell/mm3 and HIV viral load 4.65 (IQR 4.21–5.18) log 10 copies/ml. Baseline median weight was 70 (IQR 62–79) kg, body mass index 23.4 (IQR 21.2–26.0) kg/m2; 22.7% overweight and 6.4% obese. ART regimens: ABC/3TC/DTG (196), TAF/FTC/EVG/c (133). Baseline characteristics were similar in both ART groups. Average weight gain at week-48 was 2.9 (SD 5.5) kg ( p < 0.0001) with no differences between both groups. There was an increase in obesity (6.4%–8%; p < 0.003) and overweight (22.7%–28.9%; p < 0.0001). Weight increase was associated with AIDS: OR 3.05 (95%; CI 1.009–9.22), p = 0.048; and lower baseline weight: OR 1.032 (95% CI 1.009–1.05), p = 0.006. Conclusions: After ART initiation patients gain weight regardless of the regimen they take. Weight gain is associated with AIDS and the use of TAF/FTC/EVG/c.