Chemical Composition, Antifungal, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Apium graveolens L. (Celery) Leaves Essential Oil Collected from Nainital, Uttarakhand. Issue 4 (4th July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rana, Anita; Negi, Pushpa Bhakuni; Tripathi, Ankita H.C.; Pal, Mintu; Sahoo, Nanda Gopal
• Is Part Of: Journal of essential oil-bearing plants. Volume 25:Issue 4(2022)
• Page Start: 844
• Page End: 858
• Publication Date: 2022-07-04
• Subjects: Apium graveolens -- Antifungal -- Antioxidant -- Cytotoxic -- Essential oil; Essences and essential oils -- Periodicals; Aromatic plants -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Oilseed plants -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Aromatic plants -- Periodicals; Oilseed plants -- Periodicals; 661.80605
• DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2022.2113146
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0972-060X

Abstract

Abstract: Essential oils (EOs) extracted from aromatic plants are a potential source of several bioactive compounds. In the present study, hydro-distillation of Apium graveolens essential oil (AG-EO) was carried out and its chemical constituents were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC/MS) followed by examination of its antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential against human breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231. Analysis of EO resulted in the identification of nineteen (19) compounds majorly in 1, 2-diphenyl-1, 2-ethanediol (65.2%), 3-butyl phthalide (9.1%), limonene (6.4%), 1, 1-dimethyl-1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 9a-octahydro-benzocyclohepten-6-one (5.6%). Further, antifungal activity of A. graveolens EO (AG-EO) against three soil borne phytopathogenic fungal strains namely Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia lunata, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum showed significant mycelial growth inhibition at a concentration of 500 μg/mL with IC50 value ranging between 966-220.76 μg/mL. The antioxidant potential of EO was evaluated using dedicated spectrophotometric assays such as FRAP and DPPH. Results revealed the free radical scavenging potential of AG - EO with the value of 7.71±0.04 mM AAE/100g (for DPPH assay) and 8.31±0.03 mM AAE/100g (for FRAP assay). Additionally, the percentage of cell survival of MDA-MD-231 human breast cancer cells after treatment with EO was about 68% at 24h showing the cytotoxic effect of AG-EO against breast cancer cells whereas for non-malignant control HEK 293T cells it was about 83%. The present study indicated that the antioxidant, antifungal, and cytotoxic potential of AG - EO, a natural source of bioactive compounds, could be employed in the food, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and cosmetics industries. However, further evaluations on animal models and clinical studies are warranted.