Fallow deer foraging alone does not preserve the vegetation of traditionally sheep‐grazed calcareous grasslands. Issue 10 (31st July 2022)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Fallow deer foraging alone does not preserve the vegetation of traditionally sheep‐grazed calcareous grasslands. Issue 10 (31st July 2022)
- Main Title:
- Fallow deer foraging alone does not preserve the vegetation of traditionally sheep‐grazed calcareous grasslands
- Authors:
- Rupprecht, Denise
Jedrzejek, Birgit
Hölzel, Norbert - Abstract:
- Abstract: The goal of this study was to evaluate to what extent wild ungulates (fallow deer) can contribute to the maintenance of semi‐natural calcareous grasslands, which are a threatened habitat type (natura 2000 code *6210). In a 10‐year exclosure experiment, we tested the effects of ungulate foraging using three treatments: (A) control with combined foraging of herded sheep and wild fallow deer, (B) sheep exclosure with only deer foraging and (C) total exclosure with no foraging. Treatments not grazed by sheep (B, C) were characterized by significantly declining species numbers, litter accumulation and shrub encroachment. Despite high population densities, the effect of fallow deer alone (B) was weak: Succession of woody species was only partly inhibited, while annuals, short‐growing and rosette‐building plant species were strongly suppressed by litter accumulation. Only the combination of sheep and fallow deer foraging preserved vegetation structure and species richness and led to a promotion of target species. Synthesis and applications . We conclude that we need to continue the traditional land‐use forms such as sheep grazing in order to maintain calcareous grasslands. However, we should also raise our awareness for wild animals and analyse more in depth their potential contribution to the conservation management of open habitats. Abstract : We conclude that we need to continue the traditional land‐use forms such as sheep grazing in order to maintain calcareousAbstract: The goal of this study was to evaluate to what extent wild ungulates (fallow deer) can contribute to the maintenance of semi‐natural calcareous grasslands, which are a threatened habitat type (natura 2000 code *6210). In a 10‐year exclosure experiment, we tested the effects of ungulate foraging using three treatments: (A) control with combined foraging of herded sheep and wild fallow deer, (B) sheep exclosure with only deer foraging and (C) total exclosure with no foraging. Treatments not grazed by sheep (B, C) were characterized by significantly declining species numbers, litter accumulation and shrub encroachment. Despite high population densities, the effect of fallow deer alone (B) was weak: Succession of woody species was only partly inhibited, while annuals, short‐growing and rosette‐building plant species were strongly suppressed by litter accumulation. Only the combination of sheep and fallow deer foraging preserved vegetation structure and species richness and led to a promotion of target species. Synthesis and applications . We conclude that we need to continue the traditional land‐use forms such as sheep grazing in order to maintain calcareous grasslands. However, we should also raise our awareness for wild animals and analyse more in depth their potential contribution to the conservation management of open habitats. Abstract : We conclude that we need to continue the traditional land‐use forms such as sheep grazing in order to maintain calcareous grasslands. However, we should also raise our awareness for wild animals and analyse more in depth their potential contribution to the conservation management of open habitats. Deutsche Zusammenfassung: Ziel dieser Studie war es zu evaluieren, in welchem Umfang freilebende Damhirsche zur Erhaltung von Kalkmagerrasen als gefährdetem Natura 2000‐Lebensraumtyp (*6210) beitragen können. In einem zehnjährigen Ausschluss‐Experiment haben wir die Effekte der Beweidung in drei Stufen untersucht: (A) Eine Kontrolle mit Beweidung durch Schafe und Damhirsche, (B) Beweidung nur durch Damhirsche unter Ausschluss der Schafe und (C) Ausschluss jeglicher Beweidung. Die Untersuchungsflächen mit Ausschluss der Schafe (B, C) waren durch signifikant abnehmende Artenzahlen sowie Streuakkumulation und Verbuschung charakterisiert. Trotz hoher Populationsdichte war der Einfluss der Damhirsche alleine (B) auf die Vegetationsentwicklung nur gering: Sukzessionsprozesse wurden nur teilweise unterdrückt, während annuelle, kleinwüchsige und Rosetten‐Pflanzen durch Streuakkumulation stark zurückgedrängt wurden. Nur die Kombination aus Schafen und Damhirschen konnte die Vegetationsstruktur und den Artenreichtum erhalten, sodass Zielarten der Kalkmagerrasen gefördert wurden. Synthese und Anwendung . Wir konnten zeigen, dass traditionelle Landnutzungsformen wie Schafbeweidung dringend erhalten werden müssen, um Kalkmagerrasen zu schützen. Wir sollten jedoch die Effekte von Wildtieren zusätzlich in den Fokus nehmen und untersuchen, inwiefern sie zur Erhaltung wertvoller Offenlebensräume im Naturschutz beitragen können. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Journal of applied ecology. Volume 59:Issue 10(2022)
- Journal:
- Journal of applied ecology
- Issue:
- Volume 59:Issue 10(2022)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 59, Issue 10 (2022)
- Year:
- 2022
- Volume:
- 59
- Issue:
- 10
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2022-0059-0010-0000
- Page Start:
- 2520
- Page End:
- 2530
- Publication Date:
- 2022-07-31
- Subjects:
- calcareous grassland -- conservation management -- fallow deer -- litter -- rewilding -- sheep -- shrub encroachment -- succession
Agriculture -- Periodicals
Biology, Economic -- Periodicals
Agricultural ecology -- Periodicals
Applied ecology -- Periodicals
577 - Journal URLs:
- http://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/hub/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2664/ ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/member/institutions/issuelist.asp?journal=jpe ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2664.14253 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0021-8901
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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