Enhanced Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antigen–Specific Systemic Immune Responses in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Reversal After Recovery . (6th August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kumar, Nathella Pavan; Venkataraman, Aishwarya; Nancy, Arul; Moideen, Kadar; Varadarjan, Poovazhagi; Selladurai, Elilarasi; Sangaralingam, Thankgavelu; Selvam, Ramya; Thimmaiah, Akshith; Natarajan, Suresh; Ramasamy, Ganesh; Hissar, Syed; Radayam Ranganathan, Umadevi; Babu, Subash
• Is Part Of: Journal of infectious diseases. Volume 226:Number 7(2022)
• Page Start: 1215
• Page End: 1223
• Publication Date: 2022-08-06
• Subjects: MIS-C -- SARS-CoV-2 -- COVID-19 -- cytokines -- chemokines -- pediatric population -- in vitro cell culture; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Diseases -- Causes and theories of causation -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac304
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1899

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) presents with inflammation and pathology of multiple organs in the pediatric population in the weeks following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods: We characterized the SARS-CoV-2 antigen–specific cytokine and chemokine responses in children with MIS-C, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and other infectious diseases. Results: MIS-C is characterized by elevated levels of type 1 (interferon-γ, interleukin [IL] 2), type 2 (IL-4, IL-13), type 17 (IL-17), and other proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-18, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in comparison to COVID-19 and other infectious diseases following stimulation with SARS-CoV-2–specific antigens. Similarly, upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen stimulation, CCL2, CCL3, and CXCL10 chemokines were significantly elevated in children with MIS-C in comparison to the other 2 groups. Principal component analysis based on these cytokines and chemokines could clearly distinguish MIS-C from both COVID-19 and other infections. In addition, these responses were significantly diminished and normalized 6–9 months after recovery. Conclusions: Our data suggest that MIS-C is characterized by an enhanced production of cytokines and chemokines that may be associated with disease pathogenesis. Abstract : Our data suggest that MIS-C is characterized by SARS-CoV-2 antigen–specific enhanced production of cytokines and chemokines that may be associated with disease pathogenesis. Principal component analysis could clearly distinguish cytokines and chemokines of MIS-C children from COVID-19 and other infections.