Comparison of antibody response durability of mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in healthcare workers. (October 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Brunner, Wendy M.; Freilich, Daniel; Victory, Jennifer; Krupa, Nicole; Scribani, Melissa B.; Jenkins, Paul; Lasher, Emily G.; Fink, Amanda; Shah, Anshini; Cross, Peggy; Bush, Valerie; Peek, Laura J.; Pestano, Gary A.; Gadomski, Anne M.
• Is Part Of: International journal of infectious diseases. Volume 123(2022)
• Page Start: 183
• Page End: 191
• Publication Date: 2022-10
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- SARS-CoV-2 -- Anti-spike antibody -- Antibody responses -- Vaccine effectiveness; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.08.022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1201-9712

Abstract

Highlights: The median time after COVID-19 primary vaccination in 647 healthcare workers was 8.4 months. Higher median spike protein antibody titers were observed with mRNA-1273 vaccine (two-fold) compared with BNT162b2. Higher pseudoneutralization percentages were observed with mRNA-1273 vaccine (1.2-fold) compared with BNT162b2. Vaccine effectiveness remained similarly high for both vaccines (87-89%). Abstract: Objectives: There are limited comparative immunologic durability data post COVID-19 vaccinations. Methods: Approximately 8.4 months after primary COVID-19 vaccination, 647 healthcare workers completed surveys about COVID-19 vaccinations/infections and blood draws. The groups included participants vaccinated with mRNA-1273 (n = 387), BNT162b2 (n = 212), or Ad26.COV2.S (n = 10) vaccines; unvaccinated participants (n = 10); and participants who received a booster dose (n = 28). The primary outcome was immunoglobin anti-spike titer. Secondary/tertiary outcomes included neutralizing antibodies (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based pseudoneutralization) and vaccine effectiveness (VE). Antibody levels were compared using analysis of variance and linear regression. Results: Mean age was 49.7 and 75.3% of the participants were female. Baseline variables were balanced except for immunosuppression, previous COVID-19 infection, and post-primary vaccination time. Unadjusted median (interquartile range [IQR]) anti-spike titers (AU/ml) were 1539.5 (876.7-2626.7) for mRNA-1273, 751.2 (422.0-1381.5) for BNT162b2, 451.6 (103.0-2396.7) for Ad26.COV2.S, 113.4 (3.7-194.0) for unvaccinated participants, and 31898.8 (21347.1-45820.1) for participants administered with booster dose (mRNA-1273 vs BNT162b2, P <.001; mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, or boosted vs unvaccinated, P <.006; mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, or unvaccinated vs boosted, P <.001). Unadjusted median (IQR) pseudoneutralization was as follows: 90.9% (80.1-95.0) for mRNA-1273, 77.2% (59.1-89.9) for BNT162b2, 57.9% (36.6-95.8) for Ad26.COV2.S, 40.1% (21.7-60.6) for unvaccinated, and 96.4% (96.1-96.6) for participants administered with booster dose (mRNA-1273 vs BNT162b2, P <.001; mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, or boosted vs unvaccinated, P <.028; mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, or unvaccinated vs boosted, P <.001). VE was 87-89% for participants administered mRNA-1273 vaccine, BNT162b2 vaccine, and booster dose, and 33% for Ad26.COV2.S (none significantly different). Conclusion: Antibody responses 8.4 months after primary vaccination were significantly higher with mRNA-1273 than those observed with BNT162b2.