Impact of Preexisting Anti–Adenovirus 26 Humoral Immunity on Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine . (16th April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Le Gars, Mathieu; Sadoff, Jerald; Struyf, Frank; Heerwegh, Dirk; Truyers, Carla; Hendriks, Jenny; Gray, Glenda; Grinsztejn, Beatriz; Goepfert, Paul A; Schuitemaker, Hanneke; Douoguih, Macaya
• Is Part Of: Journal of infectious diseases. Volume 226:Number 6(2022)
• Page Start: 979
• Page End: 982
• Publication Date: 2022-04-16
• Subjects: Ad26.COV2.S -- COVID-19 -- preexisting immunity -- SARS-CoV-2 -- vaccine; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Diseases -- Causes and theories of causation -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac142
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1899

Abstract

Abstract: This secondary analysis of the phase 3 ENSEMBLE trial (NCT04505722) assessed the impact of preexisting humoral immunity to adenovirus 26 (Ad26) on the immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S-elicited severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific antibody levels in 380 participants in Brazil, South Africa, and the United States. Among those vaccinated in Brazil and South Africa, 31% and 66%, respectively, had prevaccination serum-neutralizing activity against Ad26, with little preexisting immunity detected in the United States. Vaccine recipients in each country had similar postvaccination spike (S) protein–binding antibody levels, indicating that baseline immunity to Ad26 has no clear impact on vaccine-induced immune responses. Abstract : Adenovirus 26 (Ad26)–based vaccines have been evaluated in multiple clinical vaccine programs, including for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study assessed the potential impact of preexisting humoral immunity against Ad26 on humoral immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccine Ad26.COV2.S.