Active forgetting via influence estimation for neural networks. Issue 11 (5th August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Meng, Xianjia; Yang, Yong; Liu, Ximeng; Jiang, Nan
• Is Part Of: International journal of intelligent systems. Volume 37:Issue 11(2022)
• Page Start: 9080
• Page End: 9107
• Publication Date: 2022-08-05
• Subjects: active forgetting -- Hessian matrix -- influence function -- machine unlearning -- neural networks; Artificial intelligence -- Periodicals; Expert systems (Computer science) -- Periodicals; Intelligence artificielle -- Périodiques; Systèmes experts (Informatique) -- Périodiques; 006.3
• DOI: 10.1002/int.22981
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0884-8173

Abstract

Abstract: The rapidly exploding of user data, especially applications of neural networks, involves analyzing data collected from individuals, which brings convenience to life. Meanwhile, privacy leakage in the applications as a potential threat needs to be addressed urgently. However, removing private information from models is difficult once the user's sensitive data enters machine learning models, particularly neural networks. Most of the previous amnestic methods based on retraining require full access to the training set of the target model and have limited improvements in computational resources and time improvement. In this paper, we propose Scrubber, which removes sensitive data from the original model via influence estimation to produce an unlearning model that is approximately indistinguishable from the retrained model. S crubber builds on the essential concept of influence function and reformulates the influence estimation as a closed‐form update of forgetting. For learned models with strictly convex loss functions, our approach theoretically guarantees the effectiveness of forgetting while empirically demonstrating forgetting performance. For models with non‐convex losses, we relax strictly convex assumptions by applying a damping term that allows us to make approximate estimates with negligible errors from the original assumption. Furthermore, experiments show that S crubber only causes less than 1% and 3% accuracy drop with more than 80% forgetting rate on average for logistic regression models and convolutional neural networks. The accuracy drop is reduced by 2%–3% compared to most state‐of‐the‐art methods.