Back-contact perovskite solar cell fabrication via microsphere lithography. (November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Deng, Siqi; Tan, Boer; Chesman, Anthony S.R.; Lu, Jianfeng; McMeekin, David P.; Ou, Qingdong; Scully, Andrew D.; Raga, Sonia R.; Rietwyk, Kevin J.; Weissbach, Anton; Zhao, Boya; Voelcker, Nicolas H.; Cheng, Yi-Bing; Lin, Xiongfeng; Bach, Udo
• Is Part Of: Nano energy. Volume 102(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-11
• Subjects: Perovskite solar cells -- Microsphere lithography -- Honeycomb-shaped -- Back-contact electrodes -- Scalability -- Charge transport distance; Nanoscience -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanostructured materials -- Periodicals; Power resources -- Technological innovations -- Periodicals; Nanoscience; Nanostructured materials; Nanotechnology; Power resources -- Technological innovations; Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107695
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2211-2855

Abstract

Abstract: Back-contact electrodes for hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) eliminate the parasitic absorption losses caused by the transparent conductive electrodes that are inherent to conventional sandwich-architecture devices. However, the fabrication methods for these unconventional architectures rely heavily on expensive photolithography, which limits scalability. Herein, we present an alternative cost-effective microfabrication technique in which the conventional photolithography process is replaced by microsphere lithography in which a close-packed polystyrene microsphere monolayer acts as the patterning mask for the honeycomb-shaped electrodes. A comprehensive comparison between photolithography and microsphere lithography fabrication techniques was conducted. Using microsphere lithography, we achieve highly efficient devices having a stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.6%, twice the reported value using photolithography. Microsphere lithography also enabled the fabrication of the largest back-contact PSC to date, having an active area of 0.75 cm 2 and a stabilized PCE of 2.44%. Graphical Abstract: Low-cost and scalable microsphere lithography enables back-contact perovskite solar cells with a stabilized power output of 8.6% ga1 Highlights: Efficient back-contact perovskite solar cell (BC-PSC) fabricated without the need for high-cost photolithography. Highest stabilized PCE at 8.6% for a polycrystalline BC-PSC fabricated via a photolithography-free method. Superior back-contact electrode morphology and smaller feature size using microsphere lithography. Featuring device having the largest active area for a BC-PSC at 0.75 cm 2 . In-depth charge-carrier dynamics analysis revealing charge extraction and interfacial properties in BC-PSC.