Trace and rare earth elements in excreta of two species of marine mammals from South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. (October 2022) - Celis, José E.
Abstract: Pinnipeds are sentinel species for marine pollution, but their role as vectors of trace elements (TEs) or rare earth elements (REEs) to ecosystems has been poorly studied. The present study tested pinniped feces for 61 elements, including REEs. Feces of adult seals ( Mirounga leonina, Hydrurga leptonyx ) from Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, were analyzed by ICP-MS. TEs varied by several orders of magnitude across the suite examined herein, with Fe, Al, Zn, Mn, HgII and Sr as the top six in both species. Of the REEs, Ce, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Sc, Sm, Tb, Y and Yb were found consistently in all samples and ranged from 0.935 to 0.006 μg g −1 d.w. The results show that both species act as biovector organisms of TEs and REEs through feces in remote environments, whose actual impacts and long-term fate need further exploration. Highlights: Excrements of marine mammals are useful matrices for monitoring TEs and REEs. Excretion of TEs and REEs by seals are an important route for local pollution. Excretion by pinnipeds contributes to the biogeochemical cycling of pollutants. Toxicological studies are needed to better understand the effects in marine mammals.