Development of propolis and essential oils containing oral/throat spray formulation against SARS-CoV-2 infection. (October 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pelvan, Ebru; Serhatlı, Müge; Karaoğlu, Öznur; Karadeniz, Bülent; Pembeci Kodolbaş, Ceyda; Aslı Öncü, Neşe; Çakırca, Gamze; Damarlı, Emel; Başdoğan, Günay; Mergen Duymaz, Gizem; Emir Akyıldız, İsmail; Düz, Gamze; Acar, Sezer; Özhan, Yağmur; Sipahi, Hande; Charehsaz, Mohammad; Aydın, Ahmet; Yesilada, Erdem; Alasalvar, Cesarettin
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 97(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-10
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- Oral/throat spray -- Antiviral -- Essential oils -- Propolis -- Phenolics -- Cytotoxicity; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105225
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: An oral/throat spray formulation for prophylactic use was developed. Forty-three phenolics were identified in both propolis and oral/throat spray. The spray with 1:640-fold dilution provided the highest efficacy. The spray can be used as a supplement for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Abstract: A broad range of evidence has confirmed that natural products and essential oils might have the potential to suppress COVID-19 infection. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an oral/throat spray formulation for prophylactic use in the oral cavity or help treatment modalities. Based on a reference survey, several essential oils, a cold-pressed oil, and propolis were selected, and cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of each component and the developed spray formulation were examined against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection using Vero E6 cells. Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic activities as well as mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity of the formulation were analysed. Forty-three phenolics were identified in both propolis extract and oral/throat spray. The spray with 1:640-fold dilution provided the highest efficacy and the cytopathic effect was delayed for 54 h at this dilution, and the antiviral activity rate was 85.3%. A combination of natural products with essential oils at the right concentrations can be used as a supplement for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection.