A Pilot Study on Zinc Isotopic Compositions in Shallow‐Water Coral Skeletons. (12th November 2020) - Xiao, Hangfang
Abstract: The trace metal element zinc (Zn) participates in coral metabolic processes and therefore accumulates in their skeletons. These metabolic processes are largely controlled by the changes of environment in which they live, so Zn isotopic compositions (δ 66 Zn) in coral skeletons may possibly serve as potential tracers for climate and environmental changes. In this study, we first reported the δ 66 Zn in shallow‐water coral skeletons by investigating with monthly resolution δ 66 Zn values in the skeleton of a modern Porites coral 10AR2 from the Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and the bulk skeletal δ 66 Zn values of several coral species from the Luhuitou Reef of Hainan Island in the northern South China Sea. Correlations between δ 66 Zn and other climate and environmental proxies (Sr/Ca, δ 18 O, and δ 13 C) and instrumental environmental variables (sea surface temperature, river runoff, and chlorophyll a ) are poor, suggesting that the effects of external environmental changes on monthly variations in δ 66 Zn in coral skeletons are not significant. However, significant interspecific differences in the skeletal δ 66 Zn of corals growing under identical external environments may suggest the occurrence of biologically controlled δ 66 Zn fractionation during coral skeletons formation. In addition, the monthly δ 66 Zn in the 10AR2 coral skeleton roughly decreases with increasing temperature, which is in agreement with the recent finding that δ 66 Zn in coral tissues and zooxanthellae increases with increasing temperature and can serve as a proxy for thermal stress in corals. We thus suggest that the complicated coral internal biological processes hinder the use of skeletal δ 66 Zn as a climate and environmental proxy. Plain Language Summary: Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient during the growth process of corals, and its contents in coral skeletons have been investigated for tracing the history of marine environmental pollution. However, the characteristics and potential applications of δ 66 Zn in coral skeletons have not been reported so far. In order to better understand the significance of δ 66 Zn in coral skeletons, we first investigated the monthly resolution δ 66 Zn values in the skeleton of a modern Porites coral from the Great Barrier Reef, and the bulk skeletal δ 66 Zn values of other shallow water coral species from the Hainan Island in the northern South China Sea. The results indicate that the changes of monthly δ 66 Zn values in coral skeletons may not be primarily controlled by external climate and environmental factors. The significant differences of skeletal δ 66 Zn values among different coral species imply that internal biological activities of coral holobiont play an important role in Zn isotopic fractionation in shallow‐water coral skeletons. In this regard, the application of δ 66 Zn in shallow water coral skeletons as a climate and environmental indicator is limited. Key Points: The seasonal and bulk zinc (Zn) isotope compositions in shallow‐water coral skeletons were first reported The correlations between seasonal Zn isotope composition in coral skeletons and environmental variables are poor Interspecific differences in coral skeletal Zn isotope compositions suggest a biologically controlled fractionation process