Prevalence and correlates of physical violence and rape among female sex workers in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study with respondent-driven sampling from 11 major towns. Issue 7 (30th July 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Amogne, Minilik Demissie; Balcha, Taye Tolera; Agardh, Anette
• Is Part Of: BMJ open. Volume 9:Issue 7(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-07-30
• Subjects: female sex workers -- physical violence -- rape -- substance use -- ethiopia; Medicine -- Research -- Periodicals; 610.72
• DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028247
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2044-6055

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of physical violence and rape among female sex workers (FSWs) in Ethiopia. Design: A cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling technique. Setting: Eleven major towns in Ethiopia. Participants: 4900 FSWs. Main outcome measures: The prevalence of experiences of physical beating and rape. Results: Among FSWs, 17.5% reported physical beating within the last year and 15.2% reported rape since they started selling sex. FSWs aged 35+ years (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.92) were less exposed to physical beating than those aged 15–24 years. FSWs working on the street (AOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.39), in red-light houses (AOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.38) and in local drinking houses (AOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.78) experienced more physical beating than FSWs working in bars/hotels. FSWs who consumed alcohol four or more days in a week (AOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.04), and who chewed khat frequently experienced more physical violence. Rape was associated with having a low monthly income, drinking alcohol four or more days per week (AOR 2.33, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.7), experience of heavy episodic drinking in a month (AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.38) and chewing khat 3–4 days per week (AOR 2.15, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.98). Condom breakage was more frequent among FSWs who reported both physical beating (AOR 1.51, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.84) and rape (AOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.55). Conclusion: FSWs in Ethiopia are vulnerable to physical and sexual violence, and the risk increases when they are younger, street-based and high consumers of alcohol or khat. Therefore, targeted efforts are needed for prevention and harm reduction.