Innovative surfaces and alloys for dental implants: What about biointerface-safety concerns?. Issue 10 (October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kunrath, Marcel F.; Muradás, Thaís C.; Penha, Nilton; Campos, Maria M.
• Is Part Of: Dental materials. Volume 37:Issue 10(2021)
• Page Start: 1447
• Page End: 1462
• Publication Date: 2021-10
• Subjects: Biomedical implants -- Particle release -- Biocorrosion -- Peri-implant tissue -- Cytotoxicity -- Inflammation -- Topography -- Dental materials; Dentistry -- Periodicals; Dental materials -- Periodicals; 617.695
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.08.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0109-5641

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Surface treatments modify the morphology by macro-, micro- or nano-texturization. In some cases, implant surface modifications are related with residual impurities. Particulate chemical elements from implants might cause cytotoxicity and inflammation. The molecular reactions at the peri-implant tissues require further investigation. Abstract: Objectives: The present review article aimed to discuss the recent technologies employed for the development of dental implants, mainly regarding innovative surface treatments and alternative alloys, emphasizing the bio-tribocorrosion processes. Methods: An electronic search applying specific MeSH terms was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar databases to collect data until August 2021, considering basic, pre-clinical, clinical and review studies. The relevant articles (n = 111), focused on innovative surface treatments for dental implants and their potential undesirable biological effects, were selected and explored. Results: Novel texturization methodologies for dental implants clearly provided superficial and structural atomic alterations in micro- and nanoscale, promoting different mechanical-chemical interactions when applied in the clinical set. Some particulate metals released from implant surfaces, their degradation products and/or contaminants exhibited local and systemic reactions after implant installation and osseointegration, contributing to unexpected treatment drawbacks and adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for development of pre-clinical and clinical platforms for screening dental implant devices, to predict the biointerface reactions as early as possible during the development phases. Significance: Modern surface treatments and innovative alloys developed for dental implants are not completely understood regarding their integrity during long-term clinical function, especially when considering the bio-tribocorrosion process. From this review, it is possible to assume that degradation and contamination of dental surfaces might be associated within peri-implant inflammation and cumulative long-lasting systemic toxicity. The in-depth comprehension of the biointerface modifications on these novel surface treatments might preclude unnecessary expenses and postoperative complications involving osseointegration failures.